Passive active use atp diffusion simple movement from

Passive Active- use atp
diffusion Simple movement from high to low conc Can move molecules against the gradient
facilitated diffusion Specific molecules attach to proteins and then diffuse
osmosis water facilitated diffusion
Mitosis: IPMAT What happens in each phase of the cell cycle?
Inerphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telephase
g1 Sister Chromatids Spilndle Fibers Pulled Apart Clevage
s DNA replicates Centromeres In the middle neauclear
g2 envelope forms
Be able to diagram and label the parts of an osteon .
Lamellae- layers of an osteon
central canal ( Haversian) canal
osteocytes live in the lacunar (space)
canal iculi-
Trabeculae
Cutaneous membrane:
dermis epidermis hypodermis
Diagram parts of finger nail.
body of the nail free edge hyponychium eponychium nail groove lunae
Nail bed Germital matrix
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
● Barrier protection: trauma, chemicals, water loss, pathogens, UV radiation, etc.
● Sense reception: touch, pressure, pain, temperature.
● Excretion: H O, 2 electrolytes, some drugs.
● Nutritional: Vitamin D
What are the various factors that determine skin color?
melanin, carotene, blood flow
red (hot/blood rushing away from core to cool down) gray (blood retreating to core to maintin internal tempatrur)
What are the various glands of skin and how do they secrete?
merocrine/eccrine apocrine holocrine
Salavary/sweat mammary, prostate sebacous sebum→Infection of
sebum acne
lubrication for hair, skin moisture and
inhibits bacteria growth.
CERUMEN GLANDS-cerumen earwax Modified sweat gland

“apocrine” 2nd type of sweat gland- pharamones xillae, groin & areolae areolae (nipples). Ducts empty into
(nipples). Ducts empty into hair follicles in pubic regions
Specialized Connective Tissue Specialized Connective Tissue – fluid matrix a) Blood:
Mesenchyme (Star shaped cells)-They are stem cells that give rise to all connective tissue
Osteoprogenitor (stem cells of bones from the mesenchyme)
Divide and differentiate into osteo bl asts (boneBUILD)
fibroblast- Build connective tissues→elastic and reticular fibers collagen
chondroblast- build cartilage →Chondrocytes
intramembranous
ossification direct
Step 1 – Mesenchyme→osteoprogenitor→osteoblasts:→produce osteoid. Osteoid
begins to mineralize as the ossification center where
Step 2- Trabeculae (bony spicules) trap osteoblasts turning into osteocytes
Step 3 Trabeculae turns into spongy bone
Step 4- bone remodels itself spongy bone sandwiches the compact bone.