: Assessments performed before an ad campaign is
implemented to ensure that the various elements are working in an integrated fashion and doing what they are intended to do.
Tracking
: Includes
monitoring key indicators, such as daily or weekly sales volume, while the advertisement is running to shed light on any problems with the message or
the medium.
Posttesting
: The evaluation of an IMC campaign's impact after it has been implemented.
Puffery
: The legal exaggeration of praise,
stopping just short of deception, lavished on a product.
The FTC is the primary enforcement agency for most mass media advertising.
Public Relations
(PR)
: The organizational function that manages the firm's communications to achieve a variety of objectives, including building and maintaining a
positive image, handling or heading off unfavorable stories or events, and maintaining positive relationships with the media.
Cause-Related
Marketing
: Commercial activity in which businesses and charities form a partnership to market an image, a product, or a service for their mutual benefit;
a type of promotional campaign.
Event Sponsorship
: Popular PR tool; occurs when corporations support various activities (financially or otherwise),
usually in the cultural or
sports and entertainment
sectors.
Sales Promotions
: Special incentives or excitement-building
programs that encourage the purchase of a product or service,
such as coupons, rebates, contests, free samples, and point-of-
purchase displays.
Coupons
: Provides a stated discount to
consumers on the final selling price of a specific item; the retailer
handles the discount.
Deal
: A type of short-term price reduction
that can take several forms, such as a “featured price,” a price lower than the regular price; a “buy one, get one free” offer; or a certain percentage “more
free” offer contained in larger packaging; can involve a special financing arrangement, such as reduced percentage interest rates or extended repayment
terms.
Premium
: An item offered for free or at a bargain price to reward some type of behavior, such as buying, sampling, or testing.
Contest
: A brand-
sponsored competition that requires some form of skill or effort.
Sweepstakes
: A form of sales promotion that offers prizes based on a chance drawing
of entrants' names.
Sampling
: Offers potential customers the opportunity to try a product or service before they make a buying decision.
Loyalty
Programs
: Specifically designed to retain customers by offering premiums or other incentives to customers who make multiple purchases over
time.
Point-of-Purchase (POP) Displays
: A merchandise display located at the point of purchase, such as at the checkout counter in a grocery
store.
Rebates
: A consumer discount in which a portion of the purchase price is returned to the buyer in cash; the manufacturer, not the retailer, issues
the refund.
Product Placement
: Inclusion of a product in nontraditional situations, such as in a scene in a movie or television program.
Cross-
Promoting
: Efforts of two or more firms joining together to reach a specific target market.
