Is a labored or difficult breathing is severe dyspnea

is a labored or difficult breathing.
is severe dyspnea and the patient cannot breath except in sitting position.
the respirations are rapid and panting.
rapid shallow breathing. Respiratory rate increased above 20 breaths per
min. Causes: restrictive lung disease, pleuritic chest pain and elevated
diaphragm.
slow breathing. Rate is below 10 breaths per min. Causes: diabetic coma, drug-induces
respiratory depression, increased intracranial pressure.
this characterized by loud, moist, rattling rales. It is accompanied by dyspnea and cyanosis.
when the respiration exceeds 25 breaths per min
is noticeable behind the sternum or localized one side of the chest base. E.g., stenosis of the
bronchi in cavernous tuberculosis
rapid deep breathing. Causes: exercise, anxiety, metabolic acidosis, infarction,
hypoxia, hypoglycemia
shallow and slow or irregular respirations.
periods of apnea appear throughout cycle. Respirations become deeper and faster than normal then
followed by slow rate and progressing to periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds
difficult breathing that occurs in paroxysms. Also known as air hunger, and often precedes diabetic
coma
periods of normal breathing (3-4 breaths) followed by a varying period of apnea ( usually 10-60
seconds
BREATH SOUNDS
● Stertorous – snoring sound produced by secretion in the trachea and large bronchi
● Stridor – noisy respiration as air is forced through a partially obstructed airway
● Wheeze – high pitch musical sounds that occur with partial obstructions in the smaller bronchi and bronchioles
during expiration
● Sigh – a deep inspiration followed by a prolonged expiration
● Rales – crackles; crackling sound; indicates vibration of fluid in the lungs
● Ronchi – coarse sound; indicates partial obstruction of airway.
BLOOD PRESSURE

It refers to the force of the blood against arterial walls
It is the forced exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries of the body
It refers to the lateral force on the walls of an artery by the pulsing blood under pressure from the
heart ● Measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
This document is the propert of PHINMA EDUCATION 9 of 12
HEALTH ASSESSMENT LAB/RLE
Module #5 Student Activity Sheet
Name:
_____________________________________________________
____________ Section: ____________ Schedule:
________________________________________
● The average BP of healthy adult is 120/80 mmHg
Class number: _______ Date: ________________
● The numerator is the systolic pressure; the denominator is the diastolic pressure
Systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure
●
The highest point of pressure on arterial walls when the
ventricles contract
●
It is the pressure of the blood when the heart beats and
forces blood into the vessels (systole)
●
The pressure of the
blood as a result of contraction of the ventricles
●
The lowest pressure present on arterial walls when the
heart rests between beats (diastole)
●
It is the lowest blood pressure that is present in the
vessels between pulses when the heart is at rest and
filling
●
The pressure when the ventricles are at rest
Factors affecting the Blood Pressure Equipment
●
Activity
Sphygmomanometer- device used to measure blood
●
Anxiety or strong emotion
pressure
●
Intake of food
●
Disease process
Stethoscope – instrument used for listening to body
●
Pain
sounds. The bell head of the stethoscope is usually
●
Fluid retention
used for listening when blood pressure is measured.