Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedTopical Nasal DecongestantsTopical Nasal Decongestants•Actions–Sympathomimetic–Affects sympathetic nervous system to cause vasodilatation–Causing less inflammation of the nasal membrane•Indications–Relieve the discomfort of nasal congestion that accompanies the common cold, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedTopical Nasal Decongestants (cont.)Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.)•Pharmacokinetics–Generally not absorbed systemically–Any portion of these topical decongestants that is absorbed is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine•Contraindications–Lesion or erosion in the mucous membranes•Caution–Any condition that might be exacerbated by sympathetic activity
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedTopical Nasal Decongestants (cont.)Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.)•Adverse Effects –Local stinging and burning–Rebound congestion–Sympathomimetic effects•Drug-to-Drug Interactions–Cyclopropane or halothane
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedNursing Considerations for Topical Nasal DecongestantsNursing Considerations for Topical Nasal Decongestants•Assess:–History and Physical Exam and known allergy –Glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease, coronary disease, and prostate problems–Orientation and reflexes, VS and cardiac status–Respirations and adventitious lung sounds–Nasal mucous membrane and urinary status–Prototype : Tetrahydrozoline
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedOral DecongestantsOral Decongestants•Decrease nasal congestion related to the common cold, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis- Pseudoephedrine (Triaminic Allergy Congestion, and many combination products)
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedOral DecongestantsOral Decongestants•Actions–Shrink the nasal mucous membrane by stimulating the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucous membranes•Indications–Promotion of drainage in the sinuses and improving air flow•Pharmacokinetics–Well absorbed, widely distributed in the body–Metabolized in the liver and primarily excreted in urine
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedOral Decongestants (cont.)Oral Decongestants (cont.)•Contraindications–Any condition that might be exacerbated by sympathetic activity•Adverse Effects –Rebound congestion–Sympathetic effects•Drug-to-Drug Interactions–OTC products that contain pseudoephedrine; taking concurrently can cause serious side effects
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights ReservedNursing Considerations for Oral Decongestants Nursing Considerations for Oral Decongestants •Assess:–History and Physical Exam and known allergy–Pregnancy, lactation, hypertension, CAD–Hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or prostate enlargement–Orientation, reflexes, and affect–VS and LS–Prototype: Pseudoephedrine
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- Winter '16
- Louden
- Nursing, Mucus, Wolters Kluwer Health
