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change in the capability of a person to perform a skill; it must be referred from a relatively permanent improvement in performance a s a result of practice or experienceImprovement – person performs at a higher level of skill at some later time than the previousConsistency – from one performance attempt to another, a person’s performance characteristics should become more similarStability – the influence on skill performance of perturbations, which are internal or external conditions that can disrupt performance Persistence – a person progresses in learning the skill, the improved performance capability lasts over increasing periods of time; can demonstrate the improved level of performance today, tomorrow, next week, etc.Adaptability – capability to perform a skill successfully in changed circumstancesPerformance curves: line graph describing performance in which the level of achievement of a performance measure is plotted for a specific sequence of time or trials;learning curveLinear – straight line Negatively accelerated – large amount of improvement occurs early in practice with small amount of improvement later onPositively accelerated curve – slight performance gain early on but substantial later in practiceOgive or S-shaped – combination of all three curvesPerformance curves for Kinematic Curves: different from performance curves; kinematic measures do not typically lend themselves to being represented by one number value for each trialRetention & Transfer tests – retention: test of the practices skill that a learner performsfollowing an interval of time after practice has ceased; transfer: test in which a person performs a skill that is different from the skill he or she practiced or performs the practiced skill in a context or situation different from the practice context or situationLearning from Coordination Dynamics – viewed from this perspective, learning involves the transition from the initial movement coordination pattern (the intrinsic dynamics), represented by a preferred coordination pattern the person exhibits when first attempting the new skill, to the establishment of the new coordination patternPractice performance & learning – practice variables can inflate or misrepresent learning, must use retention and transfer tests to truly determine learningAsymptote – upper limit to learning that is never reached as long as practice continues
Performance plateau – while learning a skill, a period of time in which the learner