The weights and measures later used in kautilya s

actual weights were not uniform throughout the area. The weights and measures later used
in Kautilya 's Arthashastra (4th century BCE) are the same as those used in Lothal .
[56]
Harappans evolved some new techniques in metallurgy and produced copper, bronze , lead, and tin . The
engineering skill of the Harappans was remarkable, especially in building docks.
In 2001, archaeologists studying the remains of two men from Mehrgarh , Pakistan, discovered that the people
of the Indus Valley Civilisation, from the early Harappan periods, had knowledge of proto- dentistry . Later, in
April 2006, it was announced in the scientific journal Nature that the oldest (and first early Neolithic) evidence
for the drilling of human teeth in vivo (i.e., in a living person) was found in Mehrgarh. Eleven drilled molar
crowns from nine adults were discovered in a Neolithic graveyard in Mehrgarh that dates from 7,500–9,000
years ago. According to the authors, their discoveries point to a tradition of proto-dentistry in the early farming
cultures of that region.
[57]
A touchstone bearing gold streaks was found in Banawali , which was probably used for testing the purity of
gold (such a technique is still used in some parts of India).
[58]
Arts and crafts
[ edit ]

The " dancing girl of Mohenjo Daro "
Chanhudaro. Fragment of Large Deep Vessel, circa 2500 B.C.E. Red pottery with red and black slip-painted decoration,
4
15
/
16
×
6
⅛
in. (12.5
×
15.5 cm). Brooklyn Museum
Various sculptures, seals,bronze vessels pottery , gold jewellery, and anatomically detailed figurines
in terracotta , bronze, and steatite have been found at excavation sites.
A number of gold, terracotta and stone figurines of girls in dancing poses reveal the presence of some dance
form. These terracotta figurines included cows, bears, monkeys, and dogs. The animal depicted on a majority
of seals at sites of the mature period has not been clearly identified. Part bull, part zebra, with a majestic horn,
it has been a source of speculation. As yet, there is insufficient evidence to substantiate claims that the image
had religious or cultic significance, but the prevalence of the image raises the question of whether or not the
animals in images of the IVC are religious symbols.
[59]
Sir John Marshall reacted with surprise when he saw the famous Indus bronze statuette of a slender-limbed
dancing girl in Mohenjo-Daro:
When I first saw them I found it difficult to believe that they were prehistoric; they seemed to completely upset
all established ideas about early art, and culture. Modeling such as this was unknown in the ancient world up to
the Hellenistic age of Greece, and I thought, therefore, that some mistake must surely have been made; that
these figures had found their way into levels some 3000 years older than those to which they properly
belonged .... Now, in these statuettes, it is just this anatomical truth which is so startling; that makes us wonder
whether, in this all-important matter, Greek artistry could possibly have been anticipated by the sculptors of a
far-off age on the banks of the Indus.