The likening of substance use to a suicidal endeavor

The likening of substance use to a suicidal endeavor dates back to which figure in psychology?:
1) Sigmund Freud
2) Menninger
3) Bill Wilson
4) Carl Jung

5) None of the above
In the DSM-IV TR the following are diagnostic categories for alcohol/drugs.
The following are facts about suicide, except:
A thorough assessment of an individual's problem with alcohol/drugs include all of the
following:
The behavioral definition of addiction (the 3 "Cs" - compulsion, control, consequences)
developed by David Smith, M.D., is useful to counselors in the field because of the following:
1) Its focus is solely on the criteria for physical dependence to a drug.
2) It can be applied to a wide variety of disorders.
3) It quantifies level of abuse, resources for recovery, history of sobriety.
4) It means chasing the dragon.
5) None of the above