d.
gated
e.
requires a specific stimulus to switch between an open and closed shape
11.
in voltage gated Na+ channel, what happens between the inactive and closed phase
a.
recovery and membrane repolarization
12.
carbohydrate layer
a.
located on noncytosolic side
b.
protect cell surface from mechanical and chemical damage
c.
absorb water- give slimy feeling
d.
helps motility
e.
stops cells sticking together
f.
cell-cell recognition and adhesion
13.why do lipids form bilayers in water?
14.negative charged on the organic molecules inside the cell are largely balances by
15.Nuclear pore complex
16.Electrochemical gradient
17. Glycolipids
a.
Provides energy and acts as cell surface marker
18.
The Ca2+ pump
a.
Goes against concentration gradient
b.
Requires energy
c.
Uses ATP to change the shape of the pump
19.
Voltage gated Na+ channel adopts
___ conformations (what are they?)
a.
Three:
i.
Closed
ii.
Open
iii.
Inactivated
20.
Resting nerve terminal
a.
Voltages-gates Ca2+ channel is closed
b.
Neurotransmitter in synaptic vesicle
21.
Signal recognition particles (SRP)
a.
Proteins that recognize localization signals and move ribosome to the ER
22.
Part of the cytoskeleton and its function
a.
Intermediate filaments
i.
Ropelike fibers
ii.
Good for structural support
iii.
Gives mechanical strength
b.
Microtubules
i.
Long hollow cylinders
ii.
Typically have one end attached to a single microtubules-organizing center
(MTOC)
c.
Actin filaments
i.
Also known as microfilaments
ii.
Two stranded helical polymers of the protein actin
iii.
Straight and thin
iv.
Can be used in different types of shapes
23.Proteins destined for the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, endosomes, or the cell surface all first enter the ___ from the cytosol
24.
Function of endosomes in cells
25.Drug “x” prevents the excitatory neurotransmitter from binding to its receptor. What happens as a result?
26.The cytosol
27.Noncytosolic face is exposed to either ___ or the ___ of an organelle
