What is contract manufacturing what are the

107) What is contract manufacturing? What are the advantages and disadvantages
of contract manufacturing?
108) What is indirect exporting?
109) Briefly describe the services provided by manufacturers' agents, manufacturers'
export agents, export and import brokers, and freight forwarders.
Answer: Manufacturers' agents solicit domestic orders for foreign manufacturers,
usually on a commission basis. Manufacturer's export agents act as foreign sales
departments for domestic manufacturers, selling those firms' goods in foreign
markets. Export and import brokers bring together international buyers and sellers of
such standardized commodities as coffee, cocoa, and grains. Freight forwarders
specialize in the physical transportation of goods, arranging customs documentation,
and obtaining transportation services for their clients.
110) What is the difference between international licensing and international
franchising? What are the advantages of each entry mode?
111) How is compensation typically addressed in international licensing and
franchising contracts? What basic issues should be addressed in such contracts?