Drug that inhibit breakdown of incretins dpp 4

Drug that inhibit breakdown of incretins
● DPP 4 inhibitors
Drugs that mimic action of incretins
● DPP 4 inhibitors
● GLP 1 Agonists
Incretin enhancers
“Incretine” → intestinal secretion of insulin
● Hormone secreted by small intestine following meal when glucose is elevated
● Signals pancreas to increase insulin secretion and liver to stop producing glucagon
○ Both actions lower BG
● Decrease food intake by increasing feeling of satiety
Mimetic- GLP 1 Agonist: exenatide (byetta) → enhances inculin secretion in presence of
glucose
● Decreases glucagon secretion
● Adjunct for T2 taking oral agents
● Admin SQ 1 hr before breakfast and dinner
● Not an insulin
● Hypoglycemia can occur
● GI distress common

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors→ slow carb absorption and digestion
● Inhibts enzyme needed for carb digestion-enzyme that digest starches in small intest
● Decreases postprandial (after meal) glucose levels
● Admin w/ 1st bite of meal
● Adverse effects
○ GI (flatulence, bloating, diarrhea)
○ hepatotoxicity→ contraindication w/ cirrhosis or IBD
● Use oral glucose tab for hypoglycemia
○ Ex: acarbose (precose), miglitol (glyset)
* For all prototype drugs, you should know mechanism of action, Basic pharmacokinetic
features (e.g., is the drug given p.o. or IV), therapeutic uses, Major adverse
effects/contraindications, contraindications, cross-sensitivity for antibiotics (if applicable),
pertinent patient teaching information, drug levels (i.e., peak & trough) if indicated. Also know if
it interacts with food, and how it does, and how to minimize side effects, and any Patient
teaching/nursing interventions/know how it works to relieve symptoms; pregnancy risk
USE YOUR ADAMS AND ATI BOOK AND ATI “PHARM MADE EASY”TO HELP YOU STUDY
IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT THESE DRUGS
Remember: If you know the action of the pharmacologic category, you will be able to answer
questions about any drug in that category