Inhibitory synapse a synapse which passes an

Inhibitory synapse: a synapse which passes an inhibitory signal to a post synaptic neuron causing
it to be less likely to have an action potential or to have reduced frequency of action potentials.
Cerebral hemispheres: to control the motion in and receive sensory inputs from the opposite side
of the body.
Pituitary gland: a pea sized gland that plays an important role in regulating vital body functions
and general wellbeing.
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? Peripheral nervous system and central
nervous system.
What are the two main divisions of the central nervous system? Brain and spinal cord.
Chapter 5
Learning: relatively lasting change in behavior that is the result of experience.
Classical conditioning: a learning procedure where a biologically potent stimulus is paired with a
previously neutral stimulus.
Operant conditioning: a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments of
behavior.
Thorndike’s Law of Effect: states that any behavior that results in satisfying consequences tends
to be repeated and any behavior that results in unsatisfying consequences tends to not be repeated;
primary reinforcement

Reinforce: refers to anything stimulus which strengthens or increases the probability of a specific
response.
Punisher: any aversive stimulus that is used as a consequence to an action for the purpose of
decreasing or extinguishing the repeated occurrences of that action.
Observational learning: process of learning through watching others, retaining the information,
and then later replicating the behaviors that were observed.
Learned helplessness: a mental state in which an organism forced to bear aversive stimuli
becomes unable or unwilling to avoid subsequent encounters with those stimuli presumably because it
has been learned that they “cannot” escape it.