Because issues having to deal with the mood of the

Because issues having to deal with the mood of the patient are involved, CBT has been found to
be the most effective way of correcting behaviour patterns in patients that have manifested in the
form of anti-social behaviour (Kuo & Operario, 2011).
DBT has been found to be applied in such a way that therapists attempt to present two opposing
views in a discussion which aims to logically blend or balance the two extremes (Coovadia et al.,
2009). the ultimate aim of DBT is to help the patients come to accept that certain conditions or

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feelings they may be exposed to currently such as HIV are valid and understandable. While
applying various approaches of psychotherapy on patients with mental health issues, Hess (2009)
found that two conditions that recorded the fastest rates of recovery upon the application of DBT
are suicidal tendencies and borderline personality disorder. Meanwhile, it has earlier been stated
that issues of suicidal tendencies are common among PLWHA who develop major depressive
episodes. By implication, DBT is best for patients with major depressive episodes because the
cause of the condition in these people is related to feeling of guilty and worthlessness, which are
important to be overcome dialectically by making patients admit that their contraction of HIV is
valid and understandable rather than guilty and worthless. Interpersonal therapy is also used with
the commonest characteristic that it is performed on a one-on-one basis (Lawn et al., 2008).
Colvin, Robins and Leavens (2010) attested to the efficacy with interpersonal therapy in dealing
with mental health conditions in PLWHA having to deal with depression. The reason that can be
assigned to this is that interpersonal therapy focuses on improving communication patterns and
ways patients relate to others so they would focus on communication and other people rather
than elements that cause them to be depressed (Howarth, Andreouli & Kessi, 2014).
Family-focused therapy may be said to be opposite to interpersonal therapy. This is because in
family-focused therapy, the goal of the therapist is to develop stronger relationship between
patients and their family (Coovadia et al., 2009). By this, it can readily be appreciated of how
this approach would be suitable in PLWHA whose mental health conditions are caused by
discrimination and stigma suffered at the hands of their relatives and other people closer to them.
Havenaar et al. (2008) emphasised that in places such as Southern Africa, the family-based
therapy is very necessary due to the type of family system practiced in most parts of this region.
That is, there is a strong presence of the extended family system which leads to the need for

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strong dependence on the family for moral and psychological support when people find
themselves to be contracting HIV. It could be argued therefore that an effective family-focused
therapy can be effective in addressing mental health issues caused by acts of rejection such as
alcohol and substance abuse. Last but not least, psychodynamic therapy is said to be used an
approach to psychotherapy which emphases on the assumption that patients exhibit their mental
conditions because they supper emotional problems (Campbell & Jovchelovitch, 2000).