Focus your study time on the common health problems

Focus your study time on the common health problems that nurses most frequently encounter.
Rationale
Intestinal antibiotics and a complete cleansing of the bowel with enemas until returns are clear are necessary
to reduce the possibility of fecal contamination when the bowel is resected to construct the ileal conduit.
Intravesical chemotherapy is unnecessary because the urinary bladder is removed with this surgery. Instillation
of a urinary antiseptic is not necessary. There is no evidence of a urinary tract infection. The urinary bladder
will be removed, so there is no need for an indwelling urinary catheter. No data indicate that the client is
experiencing urinary retention before surgery.
STUDY TIP: Enhance your organizational skills by developing a checklist and creating ways to improve your
ability to retain information, such as using index cards with essential data, which are easy to carry and review
whenever you have a spare moment.
Rationale
The client develops an upper respiratory tract infection while on DDAVP therapy for diabetes insipidus. The
best alternative is to administer the DDAVP via oral or subcutaneous routes. The subcutaneous (parenteral)
form of DDAVP is almost 10 times more potent than intranasal and oral forms. If opting for the subcutaneous
route, the dose of DDAVP should be reduced. The DDAVP cannot be stopped because it can lead to
uncontrolled fluid loss. The DDAVP can be continued in the prescribed dose if opting for the oral route, but it
does not need to be reduced. The DDAVP cannot be administered via nasal route because the client has
developed an upper respiratory tract infection.
Rationale
When a low-sodium diet and thiazide medications such as chlorothiazide are ine ff ective in a client with
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI), indomethacin is prescribed. This medication helps increase the renal
responsiveness to antidiuretic hormone. Furosemide is not recommended for nephrogenic DI.
Chlorpropamide helps decrease thirst seen in clients with central DI. Lysine vasopressin is also prescribed to
clients with central DI. Because the kidney is unable to respond to antidiuretic hormone in nephrogenic DI,
hormone therapy has little e ff ect.
Rationale
Candidiasis is a vaginal infection caused by a fungus called candida albicans . Antifungal preparations such
miconazole and clotrimazole are used to treat candidiasis. Azithromycin is prescribed to clients with
chlamydia. Metronidazole and tinidazole are used to treat trichomoniasis. Oral metronidazole is the most
e ff ective treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
Test-Taking Tip: Identifying content and what is being asked about that content is critical to your choosing the
correct response. Be alert for words in the stem of the item that are the same or similar in nature to those in
one or two of the options .