4. Evidence for evolution through


5. Evidence for evolution from BiogeographyAustralia brokeapart from Gondwanaland AFTER marsupial mammals had evolved butBEFORE placental mammals had evolved.

Notice the convergence of marsupials in Australia with placental mammals in other continents.This is a classic example of convergent evolution

6. Evolution of resistance to biocides
Figurefrom
SimUText

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Aves: Sphenisciformes
7. Genetic phylogenies

8. Observations of populations over timeSimUText example:There is variation in armor plating among threespinesticklebacks in Lake Washington. Is therean adaptivevalueof this armor?

BEFORE clean-up
water was murky
After clean-up
water was clear
courses.washington.edu/.../lake%20wash%20pic.jpg

For this outcome to occur,
the presence of plates must
be:
1.Variable
2.Heritable
3.Improve survival
when
there is selection pressure
(survival selective)
SimUText exercise will
illustrate this point!

SimUText Homework 1
•
10 points, Due Monday, Feb 7
•
Do the “graded questions” in the Evolution for
Ecology chapter
•
Software can be downloaded onto some NAU
computers, if necessary?
•
Who needs that?
•
Let me know if you have problems!

So, WHY is the theory of evolution through natural selection so controversial?



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- Fall '08
- Gehring,C
- Ecology, Evolution, natural se ction