Cut the tube to the required length ream the cut end

- Cut the tube to the required
length;
- Ream the cut end and remove the
burrs of the tubing;
- Clean the tubing and the fitting
socket with sand cloth;
- Apply flux to the tube end and
fitting socket;
- Assemble the pipe and fitting;
- Apply heat to the tubing first, but
only momentarily, and then to the
fitting until solder melts;
- Remove the flame and feed solder
to the joint until a ring of solder
appears at the end of the fitting;
- Remove excess solder with a cloth
while the solder is still pasty,
leaving a fillet around the end of
the fitting as it cools.
b. Compression Joints
- Cut the tube to the required length;
- Ream the cut end and remove the burrs of the tubing;
- A swaged end formed on the tube and the nut is put on the
tube before forming a swaged end;
- Insert tube end into fitting;
- Tighten cap nut with a spanner.
soft copper
ring
tightening
nut

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4.3.5.3 Plastic Pipe Joints
a. Rubber Ring Joint - this joint may be either of integral socket
design or it may consist of a separate sleeve-type coupling.
- Clean dirt and grit from socket;
- Insert the rubber so that it seats
evenly in the socket;
- Clean the spigot back to
reference mark and apply
lubricant to chamfer;
- Align spigot and socket and
push pipe home until reference
mark is just visible at socket
mouth.
b. Solvent Weld Joint - solvent weld joints are made by solvent
bonding, producing a welded system much like a metal
welded system.
- Cut the pipe squarely, remove
the burrs and slightly chamfer
the external pipe edge;
- Degrease the spigot and
socket;
- Apply the solvent cement as
pre-marked;
- While the surface is still wet,
push the spigot home into the
socket with a slight twisting
motion and remove the excess
cement with soft cloth.
4.4 Sanitary Appliances Installations
4.4.1 The use of water in building and other purposes is made possible and
convenient by the provision of sanitary appliances which are of
appropriate form and have water supply either from the main, or from
hot or cold water storage vessels. It is essential that the supply water is
not contaminated by foul water and for this reason in most cases the taps

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are designed to discharge above the flooding level of the appliance, to
prevent the risk of back siphonage of foul water into the supply pipe.
4.4.2 Materials Used in Sanitary Appliance
Glazed Earthenware
- for sinks and w.c. pans
- well to form complicated shapes
- relatively cheap
- produces products of good colour
Glazed Fireclay
- produces a tough appliance
- resistant to knocks and hard wear
- for urinals, sinks and w.c. pans in publics
Vitreous China
- used for all types of appliances
- relatively weak
- non-absorbent even when it is unglazed
- various colours may be obtained
Mild Steel
- galvanised or enamelled
- used for toughs and sinks
- relatively cheap
Stainless Steel
- used for sinks, wash basins, w.c. pans etc.