In other organizations, employees included in the person analysis may be chosen randomlyA particular concern may be to assess the “trainability” of the individualTrainability: the degree to which training participants are able to learn and apply the material emphasized in the training program, and is generally thought to be a function of trainees’ ability and motivation-The motivation variable is often neglected in training research, with trainee abilitylevels and background emerging as the main variables of focus-Motivation has emerged as an important consideration in assessing individual readiness for trainingTraining motivation: trainees’ intended effort toward mastering the content of a trainingprogram
-High levels of motivation: learn more in the training, perform better in training, and are more likely to complete the training than those with lower levels of pre-training motivation-Training motivation predicted training outcomes over and above the effect of cognitive ability-Pre-training motivation is also related to post-training outcomes-Pre-training motivation is related to trainee attitudes after training-Pre-training motivation accounts for additional variance in post-training commitment-Entering training with high levels of motivation may enhance the likelihood of developing other positive attitudes during training, and thus is likely related to motivation to transfer-Pre-training motivation prepares trainees to receive the maximum benefits from the training, and thus should be viewed as an important consideration in conducting needs assessment at the person level of analysisMethods-Performance appraisals-Surveys-Interviews-Skill and knowledge tests-Critical incidentsDevelopment of training programsLinkages between KSAs and tasks provide the basis for developing training programsEstablish effective behaviorsConsider physical fidelity and psychological fidelityTraining techniquesClassroom setting: lecture, case study, simulation, role-play, behavior modeling, videoDistance learning: printed materials, video, webcast, computer basedOn-the-job learning: modeling, job rotation, apprentice training, coaching, mentoringTraining techniquesCase studies: employees are presented with a workplace problem and are asked to propose the best solutionSimulations: designed to place an employee in a situation similar to one encountered on the jobRole-play: employees act out simulated roles
Behavior modeling: employees observe correct behavior, practice that behavior, and then receive feedback about their performanceComputer-based training: