Mountain men band of settlers from present day tn was

Mountain Men, band of settlers from present-day TN, was one of the most well-known
groups
● Clark targeted trading villages to weaken British support, captured Kaskaskia
● Feb. 1779 Clark launched surprise attack on Fort Sackville; tricked the village into
believing they had more numbers than they actually did by bringing more Patriot flags
and sustaining a lot of musket fire
● Brits were better at winning over Indians, but Clark undermined support for Redcoats in
the west
War in the South
● Brits switched their focus from Northern colonies to attacking Southern colonies; wanted
Loyalist support, planned to free slaves who would be soldiers
● Pitted Loyalists against Patriots
● Georgia was last to join AR, first to fall to British
● Charleston, SC, one of the biggest Brit victories, 14,000 Brits under Gen. Henry Clinton
made colonists surrender 4 ships and 5,400 prisoners in May 1780 with about 250
casualties
● August 1780, Patriots under Horatio Gates tried to retake Camden, SC. Unsuccessful bc
of lack of wellfed and rested manpower
● Gen. Nathanael Greene devastated by disorganization at Camden
● Major victory at King’s Mountain in Oct. 1780 for Patriots against Loyalists
● Guerilla warfare- swift hit and run tactics to which Southern Patriots switched
● Francis Marion, best at guerilla warfare, organized a group of guerillas called Marion’s
Brigade, used surprise attacks to disrupt Brit communication and supply lines
● Marion was known as Swamp Fox bc Brits could not catch him
Battle of Yorktown
● 1781- Benedict Arnold turned traitor
● CA regrouped under Nathanael Greene and harassed Brits in NC and SC
● James Armistead, a black spy posing as a runaway slave, spied on Arnold and
Cornwallis
● Cornwallis moved 7,200 men to Yorktown, Virginia in hopes to stay in communication
with British naval fleet
● GW trapped Cornwallis at Yorktown in Oct. 1781 by ordering Lafayette to block
Cornwallis’s escape by land, combining his 2,500 troops with 4,000 French troops
(commanded by Comte de Rochambeau) and leading them on a march to cut off all
other escape routes
● French naval fleet seized control of Chesapeake Bay, preventing British ships from
rescuing Cornwallis’s troops
● Weeks of siege and fighting wore down British troops
● Oct. 19, 1781, Cornwallis sent a drummer and a soldier w/ white flag to Washington’s
camp to surrender, Patriots took 8,000 prisoners (largest Brit army in Amer.)
● Last major battle of the AR
Treaty of Paris
● Few small battles happened after Yorktown
● Bc they didn’t have the $$$ for new army, Brit. started peace talks w/ Amer.
● Delegates took more than 2 years to come up w/ the Treaty of Paris 1783: GB
recognised America’s independence
● After war’s end, Patriots returned to home and families