Water unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene continue

water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene continue to be major contributors to global mortality,
resulting in about 870,000 deaths in 2016. These 1.0 deaths were mainly caused by diarrhoeal diseases,
but also from malnutrition and intestinal nematode infections. Globally, 32 million people died in 2016
due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes 0.26 or chronic respiratory disease. The probability of
dying from these causes was about 18 per cent in 2016 for people between 30 and 70 years of age. In
2016, household and outdoor air pollution led to some 7 million deaths worldwide. Globally, almost 12
per cent of the world’s population (over 800 million people) spent at least one tenth of their household
budgets to pay for health services in 2010, up from 216 million cases of malaria in 2016.
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities
for all More than half:- More than half of children and adolescents worldwide are not meeting
minimum of children and proficiency standards in reading and mathematics. At the global level, the
participation rate in early childhood and primary education was 70 per cent in 2016, up from 63 per cent
in 2010. The lowest rates are found in sub-Saharan Africa (41 per cent) and Northern Africa and Western
Asia (52 per cent).
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls Child marriage in Southern Asia:-
Empowering women requires addressing structural issues such as unfair social norms and attitudes as
well as developing progressive legal frameworks that 40% promote equality between women and men.
Estimated 650 million girls and women today were married in childhood. In Southern Asia, a girl’s risk of
marrying in childhood has dropped by over 40 per cent since around 2000. Based on data between 2000
and 2016 from about 90 countries, women spend roughly three times as many hours in unpaid domestic
and care work as men. Globally, the percentage of women in single or lower houses of national
parliament has increased from 19 per cent in 2010 to around 23 per cent in 2018.
Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all:- Water
supplies and sanitation 3 in 10 people lack access to facilities. In 2015, 29 per cent of the global
population lacked safely managed drinking water supplies, and 61 per cent were without safely
managed sanitation services. Preliminary estimates from household data of 79 mostly high- and high-
middle-income countries (excluding much of Africa and Asia) suggest that 59 per cent of all domestic
wastewater is safely treated. In 22 countries, mostly in the Northern Africa and Western Asia region and
in the Central and Southern Asia region, the water stress level is above 70 per cent, indicating the strong
probability of future water scarcity.
Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all:- From 2000 to
2016, the proportion of the global population with access to electricity increased from 78 per cent to 87
per cent, with the absolute number of people living without electricity dipping to just below 1 billion. In
the least developed countries, the proportion of the people with access to electricity more than doubled

between 2000 and 2016.