InferentialStatisticsParameter EstimatesTheresearcher seeksanapproximate calculation about afeature of a populationHypothesis TestingSeeks to validate a supposition based onlimited evidence, inferred using a samplefrom the population“Byhow muchdoes this new drugdelayrelapse?”“Doesthis new drug delay relapse?”Point EstimateIntervalEstimateNull HypothesisResearch orAlternativeOne number (theRange ofnumbers,What ishappeningHypothesispoint), the same forincludingthepoint,is due to chance(noNot by hance,somethingthe population asforand numbers onrelationship)is going onsampleeither sideA few examples are:Correlation: describes the relationship between two variables.Regression: shows or predicts the relationship between two variables.Analysis of Variance (ANOVA): tests the extent to which 2+ groups differ.(Source:Reu Amor A. Diga. Finding the Answers to the Research Questions.Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion, Quarter 2 Module 1-Lesson 2, 2020)Statistical TechniquesThe following are some of the commonly used statistical techniques inquantitative research:1.Percentageis any proportion from the whole.Formula:??????????(%) = (????)?100?????2.Mean or averageis the middlemost value of your list of values, and thiscan be obtained by adding all the values and divide the obtained sum tothe number of values.Formula:????(?̅)=???????????????????? ?? ??????SOLVING WEIGHTED MEAN IN LIKERT SCALEWeighted average is a calculation that considers the varying degreesof importance of the numbers in a data set. In calculating a weighted
average, each number in the data set is multiplied by a predeterminedweight before the final calculation is made.Example:At EcoStove Co., we want to get some customer feedback on ourportable stove. We devised a Likert question to ask participants to ratethe portable stove on five aspects:Size, Price, Reliability, Portability,and Durability. We’ve used a typical five-point Likert rating scale forthe question. We’ve asked participants to rate
whether or not they werevery unsatisfied (1), unsatisfied (2), neithersatisfiednor dissatisfied (3), satisfied(4), or very satisfied (5)with eachquality we want to collect feedback on.We’ve got11 total responsesto oursurvey so far:RatingScaleOverallVeryUnsatisfied(1)Unsatisfied(2)NeitherSatisfiednorDissatisfied(3)Satisfied(4)VerySatisfied (5)WMDESize212333.36NSnDPrice121433.55SReliability122513.27NSnDPortability110633.82SDurability200364SOverall Weighted MeanRating:3.60SLegend: WM – weighted mean, DE = descriptive Equivalent1.00 – 1.80 = Very Unsatisfied (VU)1.81– 2.60 = Unsatisfied (U)2.61 – 3.40 = Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied (NSnD)3.41 – 4.20 = Satisfied (S)4.21 – 5.00 = Very Satisfied (VS)Note that Size’s weighted average score is 3.36 (WM). Here’s how we arrive atthat score:(Number of votes * Weighting for column 1) + (Number of votes * Weighting forcolumn 2)+ Number of votes * Weighting for Column 3) + (Number of votes * Weighting forcolumn 4)+ (Number of votes * Weighting for column 5) / Total Number of VotesHere’s the equation for Weighted mean ofSize:(2 * 1) + (1 * 2) + (2 * 3) + (3 * 4) + (3 * 5)/ 112 + 2 + 6 +12+
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