5 extensive injury physical injury involving greater

5) Extensive Injury
Physical injury involving greater area of the body beyond the site of
the application of force. It has not only the wide area of injury but also the
varied types of injury. A fall from a height or a run-over victim of vehicular
accident may suffer from multiple fractures, laceration of organs, and all
types of skin injuries.
When a stationary head is hit by moving object, there is tendency for
the development of contusion on the brain at the site of impact. When the
moving head hits a firm, fixed and hard object, brain contusion may develop at
the opposite of the site of impact. A coup-contre-coup location of brain
injury may be found when a fixed head is hit with a moving object and then
falls on another hard object.
6. As to Regions or Organs of the Body
1) Head and Neck
2) Injuries in the Chest
3) Abdominal Injuries
4) Pelvic Injuries
5) Extremities
7. Special Types of Wounds
1) Defense Wound
Wound which is the result of a person’s instinctive reaction of self-
protection. Injuries suffered by a person to avoid or repel potential injury
contemplated by the aggressor.
A person who is conscious that he is going to be hit by a blunt
instrument on the head may raised his flexed forearms over his head, causing
injuries to the forearms.
If someone is going to stab another with a sharp instrument the tendency
of the potential victim is to take hold of the instrument thus causing the
production of an incised stab wound on the palm of the hand.
2) Patterned Wound
Wound in the nature and shape of an object or instrument and which
infers the object or instrument causing it.
Impact of the face on the radiator grill of a car may cause imprint of
the radiator grill on face. A person run-over by a wheel of a car, tire marks
are shown on the body.

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Due to hanging, the nature of the abrasion mark on the neck may infer
material used. Contusion produced by belt, branch of tree, metallic rod etc.
may have the shape of the wounding instrument.
3) Self-Inflicted Wound
Self-inflicted wound is a wound produced on oneself. As distinguished
from suicide, the person has no intention to end his life.
Types of Wounds
1. Closed Wounds
There is no breach of continuity of the skin or mucous membrane.
1) Superficial
When the wound is just beneath the layers of the skin or mucous
membrane.
(1) Petechiae
This is a circumscribed extravasation of the blood in the subcutaneous
tissue or underneath the mucous membrane. The cause of passage of blood from
capillaries may be due to the increase intra-capillary pressure or increased
permeability of the vessel. The hemorrhage maybe small or pinhead sized but
several petechiae may coalesced to form a bigger hemorrhagic area. Mosquito or
other insect bites may cause the formation of a circumscribed hemorrhages.