Temporal resolution
Low
Moderate
High
1 bit
2 bit
16 bit
Panchromatic
Multispectral
Hyperspectral
Low
Moderate
High
FRST 443: Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Management
Digital Remote Sensing Systems
85
Spatial resolution
Sensor
Low
GOES
AVHRR
MODIS
Moderate
Landsat MSS
Landsat TM / ETM / OLI
SPOT 1-5
SPOT 6/7
High
Quickbird
IKONOS
FRST 443: Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Management
Digital Remote Sensing Systems
86
Low spatial resolution
GOES
- Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites Imager
Main purpose
Weather forecasting
Sensor
Multispectral
Ground resolution
1 x 1 km visible
4 x 4 km thermal
Coverage
Globally hemispheric
Orbital repeat
Geosynchronous
Mission length
1968
–
present
(named by number and Hemisphere)
Radiometric
10-bit
Bands
1.
0.52 - 0.72
m (visible): clouds, haze, pollution
2. 3.78
–
4.03
m (TIR):
fog, water-clouds-snow distinction, fire, night SST
3. 6.47
–
7.02
m (TIR):
moisture; upper water vapor, atmospheric motion
4. 10.2
–
11.2
m (TIR):
cloud-drift winds, severe storms, cloud heights, heavy rainfall
5. 11.5
–
12.5
m (TIR):
lower water vapor, SST, volcanic ash and dust
Jensen (2016)
FRST 443: Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Management
Digital Remote Sensing Systems
87
Low spatial resolution
10.3
–
11.3
m
Thermal IR
0.52
–
0.72
m
Visible - NIR
GOES
- Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites Imager
FRST 443: Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Management
Digital Remote Sensing Systems
88
Low spatial resolution
AVHRR
–
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
Main purpose
Weather forecasting, land monitoring
Sensor
Multispectral
Ground resolution
1.1
1.1 km (local area coverage)
4
4 (global area coverage)
Coverage
Global (2,700 km swath)
Orbital repeat
Twice daily
Mission length
1978
–
present
Radiometric
16-bit
Bands
1.
0.58 - 0.68
m (visible): daytime cloud, snow, ice, vegetation (NDVI)
2. 0.73
–
1.10
m (NIR):
land-water interface, snow, ice, vegetation (NDVI)
3. 3.55
–
3.93
m (TIR):
snow and ice, nighttime clouds, SST
4. 10.3
–
11.3
m (TIR):
day/night cloud and surface temperature
5. 11.5
–
12.5
m (TIR):
day/night cloud and surface temperature, water vapor
Jensen (2016)
FRST 443: Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Management
Digital Remote Sensing Systems
89
Low spatial resolution
AVHRR
–
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
Suspended sediment in Los Angeles coast
Sea surface temperature
Land surface temperature
