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Nursing Considerations for Patients
Receiving Salicylates
•
Assessment: History and Examination
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Nursing Diagnoses
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Implementation With Rationale
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Evaluation
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
Please answer the following statement as true or false.
A person who does not respond to one salicylate may
respond to a different one.
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
True.
Rationale: Salicylates are some of the oldest anti-
inflammatory drugs used. They were extracted from
willow bark, poplar trees, and other plants by ancient
peoples to treat fever, pain, and what we now call
inflammation. They are generally available without
prescription and are relatively nontoxic when used as
directed. A person who does not respond to one
salicylate may respond to a different one.
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory and
Related Agents
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Propionic Acids
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Fenoprofen
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Ibuprofen
•
Acetic Acids
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Declofenac
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Etodolac
•
Fenamates
–
Mefenamic acid
•
Cyclooxygenase-2
Inhibitors
–
Celecoxib
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
NSAIDs
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Provide strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
•
Sold over the counter, which may lead to abuse
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Therapeutic actions and indications
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Pharmacokinetics
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Contraindications and cautions
•
Adverse effects
•
Clinically important drug-to-drug interactions
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Prototype NSAIDs
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Acetaminophen
•
Actions /Indications
–
Acts directly on the thermoregulatory cells of the
hypothalamus
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Not sure of the mechanism of action related to analgesic
effects
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Used to treat pain and fever
•
Treat pain and fever associated with a variety of
conditions, including influenza
•
Prophylaxis of children receiving diphtheria
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pertussis
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tetanus (DPT) immunizations
•
Relief of musculoskeletal pain associated with arthritis
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Acetaminophen (cont.)
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Pharmacokinetics
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Absorbed from GI tract
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Peak ½ to 2 hours
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Metabolized in the liver
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Excreted in the urine
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T ½ is about 2 hours
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Contraindications
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Known allergy
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Use with caution in pregnancy and lactation
