High SE’s believe they possess more of the ability they need in order to succeed at work. Individuals with high SE will take
more risks in job selection and are more likely to choose unconventional jobs than people with low SE.
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Self-monitoring is a personality trait that measures an individual’s ability to adjust his or her behavior to external,
situational factors. Individuals high in self-monitoring show considerable adaptability
in adjusting their behavior to external
situational factors. They are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently in different situations. High self-
monitors are capable of presenting striking contradictions between their public persona and their private self. Low self-
monitors can’t disguise themselves this way.
People who are excessively competitive and always seem to be experiencing a chronic sense of time urgency probably
have a Type A personality. A Type A individual is “aggressively involved in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more
and more in less and less time, and if required to do so, against the opposing efforts of other things or other persons. In
this culture, such characteristics tend to be highly prized and positively associated with ambition
and the successful
acquisition of material possessions.
People with a Type B personality are rarely harried by the desire to obtain a wildly increasing number of things or
participate in an endless growing series of events in an ever decreasing amount of time. Type B’s feel no need to display
or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments unless such exposure is demanded by the situation. Type B’s
can play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority
at any cost.
The Personality-job fit theory identifies 6 personality types and proposes that the fit between personality type and
occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover. This theory, which was developed by John Holland
,
argues that satisfaction is highest and turnover lowest where personality and occupation are in agreement. Social
individuals should be in social jobs, conventional people in conventional jobs, and so forth. A realistic person in a realistic
job is in a more congruent situation than a realistic person in an investigative job.
Any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience is referred to as learning. Learning
takes place when there is a change in actions. A change in an individual’s thought processes or attitudes, if accompanied
by no change in behavior, would not be learning. In addition, some form of experience is necessary for learning. This may
be acquired directly through observation
or practice or it may result from an indirect experience such as that acquired
through reading.
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