-Sodlium, 11
th
element, 11 electrons,
-sodium element in water= fire in water(elemental hydrogen produced)
-Ionic bonding (connections between elements)
-Potassium and bromane powerful reaction 2KBr, potassium bromide (K+, BR-,
crystalline solid, high melting point)
-Chlorine and Sodium toxic elements combine to create edible salt
Vid 3
-Conduction of electricity in water
-lemon juice (citric acid, ionize sufficiently to conduct electricty)
-vinegar ( acidic acid, weak conduction, not well ionized compared to citric acid)
-salt ionizes very well (conducts electricity well)
-soy sauce( very well ionization, because of the sodium)
-v8 juice (not as dramatic as soy, but has salt)
Vid 4
-Na has 1 electon in outer shell, Cl has 7 electrons in outer shell
-(first layer, 2elec, then 8, then the rest)
-sodlium loses an electron thus positive, and Cl gains electron thus negative
-salts will conduct electricity
-lemon juice contains potassium and other minerals that conduct electricity
Vid 5
-Salt bed in west coast of South America
-Chile, Bolivia, have salt beds
-Christopher Pratt “Salt Shed Interior”
Minerals 2
Vid 1
-Calcium (mineral in diet), phosphorus , both impotant for teeth and bone
-minerals=micronutrients (~1gram/day)
-6 grams of salt= 40% sodium=2.4g =daily intake
-microgram= 1/1000 of miilligram
-one small cube of salt is 60 microogram ug
-too much salt can lead to high blood pressure or hypertension
Normal blood pressure 120/80 high blood pressure is 140/90
-high blood pressure, don’t eat dilled pickles, and instead of salt use herbs
Vid2
-Potassium, same charge K+
-
no salt, take potassium chloride (for ppl with high blood pressure)
-bananas, high on potassium (50% more potassium from potatoes than bananas)

-Potassium (K+) and Sodium(Na+) different sizes, how much water can accumulate around
ion
-potassium bigger than sodium (balance of electrolyte concentration important for
body)
-potassium pumps water out
Vid3
-Iodine (I-) ionic iodine
-I2, elemental iodine, solid with interesting property (doesn’t melt, but sublimes)
-deficiency of ionic iodine causes goiter (needed by thyroid gland for fat metabolism)
-Theodore Kocher (nobel prize for thyroid work)
-naturally present in seasalt and seafood
-potassium iodide added in small amounts to table salt
-150mcg per day to not have goiter
-kazakstan, lack of iodide ion causes goiter
-not present in salt mines of country
-potassium iodide added to salt in the factories to relieve of having goiter
-5c USD per person per year to solve problems of goiter
Vid 4
Iron (Fe 2+), 2-4g in the body, 10-20 mg/day
-in blood, to transport oxygen
-
iron deficiency=anemia
-
hemochromatosis (genetic)
-body absorbs abnormal amounts of iron
-when cooking was only in iron pots
-excess iron stored in heart, liver, pancreas, joints
-
Heme, iron in large molecule of heme (transports oxygen)
-in medieval times, put iron nails in wine, acidic components of wine, cause iron to go into
solution to help health (dubious)
-iron in red meat, broccoli, and best absorbed with vitamin C
-
vit C assists in absorption from gastrointestinal tract
-iron can be added to food (such as bread as supplementf)
