Housework and mens housework decreases take away o

housework and men’s housework decreases

Take Away
o
Cohabitation has increased for everybody across all age
groups!
o
-
sciences/
°
°
Single Parent Households

Most single parent households include a mother only, but have
increased for men, too since 1958
o
Mother only households have increased from 8%-
o
8%- 24% from 1958-2014
o
Father only have increased from 1%-4%

More of today’s single mothers have never been married, but the
estimates below ignore parents who are unmarried but cohabiting


The Makeup of Single Mothers, 1960-2011
o
1960

82% Divorced, separated, widowed
 4% Never Married
 14% Spouse absent
o
2011

50% Divorced, separated, widowed

44% Never Married

6% Spouse absent
o
some of the 44% of 2011 has most likely increased do to
cohabiting families but the parents aren’t legally married
 If we exclude “single parents” who are unmarried but cohabiting
with the other parent
o
Men and women interviewed between 2006-2010: Among
men and women 15 to 44 who have had a first birth, 24% of
women and 16% of men say they were single at the time of
their first birth (never married and not cohabiting)
 Median family income is lower in single-parent families than two
parent families
o
Single Mothers

20,000-30,000 (1975-2012)
o
Single Fathers

45,000-35,000 (1975-2012)
o
Married
 60,000-85,000 (1975-2012)
 For children in single- mother families, the most common family
income is under 25K per year
o
Most common for single mothers is under 25,000

o
Most common for married couples is 50,000-100,000/ year

Children in single-parent families face potential scarcities
o
Money
 Lower incomes make it difficult to meet basic needs
 get housing in safe areas
 secure good education
o
Time

Only one parent, who usually must work to support
children, means less time to spend with kids, and less
supervision/ support
 Intendedness status of single first births by age at birth, among
women

08/26/2015
o
Race/Ethnicity & Families

Race groups
o
A group of people believed to share common descent based
on perceived innate physical similarities
 Physical characteristics
 Skin color, hair texture, facial features, etc.

Ethnic groups
o
A group of people with a common cultural identification,
based on a common language, religion, ancestral origin, or
traditional practices.
 Any kind of identity based upon a shared language,
culture, religion, etc.
 Race/ ethnic boundaries socially create: reflect cultural norms,
social inequality, and political power

U.S. Structured around 5 racial-ethnic groups
o
African Americans
o
Hispanics
o
Asian and Pacific Islanders
o
Native Americans
o
Noon-Hispanic White

Roles of Marriage and extended family vary across ethnic groups
°
African- American Families

Greater % of single-parent families than any other group
o
72% of black children are born to unmarried mothers
o
More than ½ of all black family households are headed by
single parent

Decline in marriage rates has dropped more than Blacks than for
other racial/ ethnic groups

o
Percentage of adults married, total U.S. and black population
(graph)
°
Explaining the Trends
 Not due to differential morals, values, or proclivities towards
marriage, parenting, etc.