 Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Warren Court 's unanimous (9–0) decision stated, "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." As a result, de jure racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth of the United.  This ruling paved the way for integration and was a major victory of the Civil Rights Movement , and a model for many future litigation cases.  However, the decision's fourteen pages did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in Brown II only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".  Warren Court was made up of Justices Black, Frankfurter, Douglas, and Jackson  Justice White was known as Whizzer White  Miranda v. Arizona  Saw the Warren Fairness Approach  Miranda v. Arizona, (1966), was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court .  In a 5–4 majority, the Court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory statements made in response to interrogation by a defendant in police custody will be admissible atrial only if the prosecution can show that the defendant was informed of the right to consult with an attorney before and during questioning and of the right against self- incrimination before police questioning, and that the defendant not only understood these rights, but voluntarily waived them.  Griffin v. County Board of Prince Edward County  Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, (1964), is a case decided by the Supreme that held that the County School Board of Prince's decision to close all local, public schools and provide vouchers to attend private schools were constitutionally impermissible as violations of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment .  Green v. County School Board

 Green v. County School Board of New Kent County, (1968) was an important United States Supreme Court case dealing with the choice plans created to avoid compliance with the Court's mandate in Brown II .  The Court held that New Kent County 's freedom of choice plan did not constitute adequate compliance with the school board's responsibility to determine a system of admission to public schools on a non-racial basis.  The Supreme Court mandated that the school board must formulate new plans and steps towards realistically converting to a desegregated system.  Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States  Heart of Atlanta Motel Inc. v. United States, (1964), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case holding that the U.S. Congress could use the power granted to it by the Constitution 's Commerce Clause to force private businesses to abide by the Civil.  Baker v. Carr  Baker v. Carr, (1962), was a landmark United case that decided that redistricting (attempts to change the way voting districts are delineated) issues present justiciable questions, thus enabling federal courts to intervene in and to decide redistricting cases.