Results MethodsRather than looking at the traits of employees or the behavioursthey exhibit on the job, many organizations evaluate employees’accomplishments—the results they achieve through their work.Productivity MeasuresA number of results measures are available to evaluateperformance. Salespeople are evaluated on the basis of their salesvolume (both the number of units sold and the dollar amount inrevenues).management by objectives (MBO):A philosophy of management that ratesperformance on the basis of employee achievement of goals set by mutual agreementof employee and managerManagement by ObjectivesOne method that attempts to overcome some of the limitations ofresults evaluations ismanagement by objectives (MBO). MBO isa philosophy of management that has employees establishobjectives (such as production costs, sales per product, qualitystandards, and profits) by consulting with their superiors.The Balanced ScorecardThe balanced scorecard (BSC), which we first discussed inChapter2, can be used to appraise individual employees, teams, businessunits, and the corporation itself.