[make a copy]
See also Engagement 4.1
–
Understanding the Effects of Teratogens (p. 114).
Drugs: alcohol, FAS (video), nicotine, cocaine, thalidomide.
Infectious diseases: rubella,
syphilis (
know specific effects at specific times
), HIV.
Environmental hazards: radiation (video). Low-birth weight infants (p. 12-123),
folic acid. APGAR (Table 4.7 and text, p. 122-123).
What is surfactant (p. 123)?
A substance that prevents the air sacs of the lungs from
sticking together and therefore aids breathing
What are the maternal & fraternal ages most associated with miscarriage (see p.113 under
Father
’
s State)?
Women 35+, men 40-50
What are some delivery complications - anoxia, medications, etc. (p. 116-117)?
Anoxia – poor oxygen
Sedatives going through to make the baby sluggish
Trauma through forceps or suction to aid delivery or overall prolonged labor
Breech or other odd presentation (emergency cesarean)
What is
kangaroo care
(p. 123-125)?
Having baby skin-to-skin (usually on the chest)
helps maintain body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen levels in the blood.
Chapter 5: Nervous system development / Motor development
Lateralization -specializations of each hemisphere, what is the corpus callosum, plasticity
(re-wiring, Sharon video), know results of Rosenzweig’s and Greenough’s experiments.
Neuron proliferation, migration, aggregation/organization and differentiation (
p. 96-97)
,
which process is most affected by alcohol . . .by radiation? Know about synaptogenesis &
myelination.
Nervous system development:
neural plate
(16 days),
neural tube,
neural crest cells
(become the PNS)
,
CNS (
developed at 25 days)
,
PNS
(peripheral nervous system, developed from neural crest cells
).
Anencephaly
(failure of anterior tube closure, fatal)
,
spina bifida
(failure of posterior tube closure)
.
What happens in the nervous system during the third trimester & first 1-2 yrs. of life?
Proliferation
make new neurons
50,00-100,000 per second, p. 96 weaaks 6-17
Migration
area of brain and layer, development is inside to outside
8-15wks (p. 97)
Aggregation
(organize) like goes with like (those with like function group together)
Differentiation
Specialize structurally and functionally
Which neurotransmitter will neuron produce
What type of glial cell?
Synaptogenesis
Forming functional connection
Increases rapidly after birth
Young children have more synapses than adults
Myelination
Sheath formed in neurons in fetal period (third trimester, mo 7/8/9)
continues throughout early adulthood
1-2 yrs
increase in size, number of synaptic connections
myelination continues
development of PFC prefrotal cortex
Pruning
decrease in the number of connections and number of neurons
use it or lose it
Know height & weight changes across the lifespan.
In adolescence, increase in dopamine neurotransmitter due to hormonal influence
