5. Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by genetic factors and lifestyle? a.Sodium intakec.Psychosocial stress b.Physical inactivityd. Obesity ANS: D The most important environmental risk factors for hypertension are increased sodium intake, decreased physical activity, psychosocial stress, and obesity. However, obesity is, itself, influenced by genes and the environment.
PTS: 1REF: Page 172 6. What percentage of all cases of breast cancer are identified as an autosomal dominant form? 15 20
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PTS: 1 REF: Page 172 | Page 174 7. When a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her risk of developing breast cancer is how many times greater? 6 10
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PTS: 1 REF: Page 172 8.Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism?
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PTS: 1REF: Page 1799. Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the prevention of obesity by affecting what?
a.Regulation of appetitec.Absorption of fat b.Metabolizing of fatd.Altering the sense of satiety ANS: A Clinical trials using recombinant leptin have demonstrated moderate weight loss in a subset of obese individuals. In addition, leptin participates in important interactions with other components of appetite control, such as neuropeptide Y and–melanocyte-stimulating hormone and its receptor, the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). Currently, no research supports the other options as being genetically regulated.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 178 10. TheBRCA1andBRCA2mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?
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PTS: 1REF: Page 174
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