Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by

5.
Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by genetic factors and lifestyle?
a. Sodium intake c. Psychosocial stress
b.
Physical inactivity
d.
Obesity
ANS: D
The most important environmental risk factors for hypertension are increased sodium intake,
decreased physical activity, psychosocial stress, and obesity. However, obesity is, itself,
influenced by genes and the environment.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 172
6.
What percentage of all cases of breast cancer are identified as an autosomal dominant form?
15
20
PTS: 1 REF: Page 172 | Page 174
7.
When a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her risk of developing breast
cancer is how many times greater?
6
10
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8.
Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by
nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism?
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9.
Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the prevention of obesity by affecting
what?

a. Regulation of appetite c. Absorption of fat
b. Metabolizing of fat d. Altering the sense of satiety
ANS: A
Clinical trials using recombinant leptin have demonstrated moderate weight loss in a subset of
obese individuals. In addition, leptin participates in important interactions with other
components of appetite control, such as neuropeptide Y and  –melanocyte-stimulating
hormone and its receptor, the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). Currently, no research
supports the other options as being genetically regulated.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 178
10.
The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?
PTS: 1 REF: Page 174