Sulfonamides Cont.
•
Bacteriostatic
•
Action-
–
block
para
-aminobenzoic acid to prevent the synthesis of
folic acid in susceptible bacteria
•
Indications-
–
Treatment of infections caused by gram-negative and
gram-positive bacteria
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Sulfonamides Cont.
Sulfonamides Cont.
•
Pharmacokinetics
–
Well absorbed from the GI tract
–
Metabolized in the liver, excreted in the urine and are
teratogenic
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Sulfonamides (cont.)
Sulfonamides (cont.)
•
Contraindications-
–
Known allergy to any sulfonamide, thiazide diuretics and
pregnancy
•
Adverse Effects-
–
GI symptoms; Renal effects related to the filtration of the
drug
•
Drug-to-Drug Interactions-
–
tolbutamide, tolazamide, glyburide, glipizide, or
chlorpropamide and cyclosporine
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Nursing Considerations for Patients
Receiving Sulfonamides
Nursing Considerations for Patients
Receiving Sulfonamides
•
Assessment:
–
Known allergy to any sulfonamide, sulfonylureas, or
thiazide diuretics
–
Physical status
–
Skin and mucous membranes for any rash or lesions
–
Specimens for culture and sensitivity tests
–
Respiratory status
–
Orientation, affect, and reflexes
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Nursing Considerations for Patients
Receiving Sulfonamides Cont.
Nursing Considerations for Patients
Receiving Sulfonamides Cont.
–
Abdomen
–
Renal function tests
–
Complete blood count
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Prototype Summary: Cotrimoxazole
Prototype Summary: Cotrimoxazole
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Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines
•
Developed as semisynthetic antibiotics based on the
structure of a common soil mold
•
Most common medications-
–
Tetracycline
(
generic
)
–
demeclocycline
(
generic
)
–
doxycycline (
Doryx, Vibromycin
)
–
minocycline (
Arestin, Minocin
)
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Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines
•
Bacteriostatic
•
Action-
–
Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, preventing cell
replication
•
Indications-
–
Treatment of various infections caused by susceptible strains of
bacteria; acne when penicillin is contraindicated for eradication
of susceptible organisms and when penicillin is contraindicated
Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Tetracyclines (cont.)
Tetracyclines (cont.)
•
Pharmacokinetics
–
Adequately absorbed from the GI tract
–
Concentrated in the liver, excreted unchanged in the urine
–
Cross the placenta and pass into breast milk
•
Contraindications-
–
Known allergy to tetracyclines or to tartrazine, pregnancy,
lactation and renal and hepatic dysfunction,
Penicillin G, oral
contraceptive therapy, methoxyflurane, digoxin
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Tetracyclines (cont.)
Tetracyclines (cont.)
•
Adverse Effects-
–
Most GI, but possible damage to the teeth and bones.
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- Fall '16
- Bacteria, Wolters Kluwer Health, Wolters Kluwer
