Chromosphere - “sphere of color”- 2 nd of 3 layers. Where reddish color is released. Not easily seen-bright Corona -only seen on a complete solar eclipse. Rays that extend kilometers of the suns surface. Differential Rotation - sun rotates with different angular velocities. Proves non solid objects.-sun spots Aurora- northern lights. Only seen in the north. Produced by solar wind charging particles Coronal Loops - corona is bent due to a magnetic flux. Found with sunspots. Solar Prominence- Large bright gaseous feature extending outwards from the suns surface. Solar Flash- sudden flash of brightness near suns surface. Plasma medium becomes very hot. Releases energy Coronal Mass Ejection- CME-massive burst of gas and magnetic field arising from corona being in solar wind Sun’s Core- Innermost part of the sun that takes up 20-25% of the solar radius. Hottest layer 15.7 mil K energy is transferred through photons Sun’s Convective Layer - Sun’s outer layer. Temp is lower than radiative zone. Opaque. Chromosphere vis Sun’s Radiative Zone- Regulated by thermal convection- primary mean of energy transfer Convection - the concerted, collective movement of groups or aggregates of molecules within fluids and rheids , through advection or through diffusion or as a combination of both of them Parallax- the difference the apparent position of an object viewed from 2 different lines of sight Arcsecond- Used to measure angular distance from equator- 1/3600 th of a degree Luminosity -total amount of energy released by a star galaxy of other astro object- related to brightness Center of mass- of distribution of mass in space is a unique point where if a force acts on the object it will move but not rotate. Spectral Class- gives a stars ionization state. Gives photosphere’s temperature and density Kelvin- unit of measure of temperature that is absolute. 1K=-459.67 degrees Farenheit Thermal Radiation - electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of charged particles.

Black Body- a body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation. Major emitter at all energy levels Red Supergiants- largest stars by volume, but not by mass. High luminosity class I. Spectral K or M Red Giants- yellow-orange to red. K or M spectral. Class S stars and most carbon stars White Dwarf - compact star that is no longer generating energy through nuclear fusion at its core HRD- scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between their luminosity and spectral types.