Authors used a pre defined strategy two independent

Authors used a pre-
defined strategy. Two
independent reviewers
were used to screen the
titles and the abstract
which was followed by
full texts against the pre-
defined inclusion criteria.
Sample/Setting
The number and
characteristics of
patients
The sample size was from
30 to 4133 participants,
with a total of 10, 654
A total of 48, 626
participants were selected
from 72 studies.
1305 adolescents were
used in this particular
study
A total of 3412
participants i.e. patients
attending the emergency
© 2018 Laureate Education Inc. 8

across all studies. The
mean age is from 12.9 to
22 years. 31 percent were
on a school-based
program, 22% on a
community-based
program, and 475 on an
intervention delivered in a
hospital setting.
departments were
involved in the study.
Evidence Level *
(I, II, or III)
As a systematic review, this
is level 1 study
1 1 1
Outcomes 15 out of 32 outcome
comparison measured
suicide attempts after the
intervention. 4 out of 5
comparisons reported a
greater effect on suicide
attempts. 11 comparisons
did not show any effect. 7
out of 32 comparisons
reported on intervention
for deliberate self-harm.
Out of those seven
comparisons, there were
significantly lower levels
of deliberate self-harm
after intervention with
three showing no
significant effects.
There was a significant
gain in education
intervention with regard
to knowledge and
attitudes. The effects of
education intervention
varied based on the
characteristics of the
subject. There was a
significant reduction in
the suicidal ideation and
the suicidal attempts
amongst youths through
school-based
intervention. There was
no significant effect of
gatekeeper training on
suicide attempts or
With regard to the
suicidal ideation, the
weighted mean effect of
cognitive behavioral
therapy and dialectical–
behavioral therapy for the
13 independent samples
was of moderate size and
statistically significant.
The outcome of the
treatment effect of
suicidal attempts shows
that there was no
significant weighted
mean effect. On the other
r, the treatment effects of
self-harm, the weighted
mean effects proved
Two studies reveal no
effect on suicidal
ideation. One trial proved
to be effective in reducing
suicide over 18 months
with 90 percent relative
risk reduction in
completed suicides. Two
studies used revealed that
there was an effect on
repeat suicide attempts.
Another study showed a
significant effect in
assessing depression. A
study by Gysin showed a
significant reduction I
hospitalization with 72
percent fewer days in the
© 2018 Laureate Education Inc. 9

suicidal ideation. significant. hospital for a period of
one year. No effect was
found on alcohol use and
hopelessness.
General
Notes/Comments
Psychosocial
interventions for youth
suicide are safer and are
not likely to cause harm
to the client. There should
be continuous
implementation and
assessment of such
programs within the
community with attention
to training key personnel
in learning institutions
and within hospitals to
help to ensure that there
are support and delivery
of such interventions.