One gram of mannitol was injected into a woman after

81. One gram of mannitol was injected into a woman. After equilibration, a plasma sample had a
mannitol concentration of 0.8 g/L. During the equilibration period, 20% of the injected
mannitol was excreted in the urine. The subject’s
A. Extracellular fluid volume is 1 L
B. Intracellular fluid volume is 1 L
C. Extracellular fluid volume is 10 L
D. Intracellular fluid volume is 10 L
E. Interstitial volume is 12.5 L
82. Which of the following would produce an increase in the reabsorption of isosmotic fluid in
the proximal tubule?
83. Which of the following is an action of parathyroid hormone on the renal tubule?
84. At plasma Para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) concentrations below the transport maximum

A. Reabsorption is not saturated
B. Clearance equals inulin clearance
C. Secretion rate equals PAH excretion rate
D. Concentration in the renal vein is close to zero
E. Concentration in the renal vein equals PAH concentration in the renal artery
85. Compared with a person who ingests 2 L of distilled water, a person with water deprivation
will have a
A. Higher free-water clearance
B. Lower plasma osmolarity
C. Lower circulating level of Antidiuretic hormone
D. Higher tubular fluid/plasma osmolarity in the proximal tubule
E. Higher rate of water reabsorption in the collecting ducts
86. Which of the following would best distinguish an otherwise healthy person with severe
water deprivation from a person with the syndrome of inappropriate Antidiuretic hormone
87. Which of the following causes a decrease in renal Ca 2+ clearance?
88. Which of the following substances has the highest renal clearance?
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