147 a patient has undergone an amputation of a lower

147. A patient has undergone an amputation of a lower extremity. Some time later painful
nodules appeared in a stump. Amputation neuromas were found out in the microscopic
examination of the tissue. What pathological process are these formations related with?
A. *Regeneration
B. Dystrophy
C. Inflammation
D. Hyperemia
E. Metaplasia
148. A couple had a child with Down disease. The mother is 42 years old. This disease is most
probably caused by the following impairment of prenatal development:
149. For the purpose of myocardium infarction treatment, a patient was injected with
embryonic stem cells derived from the patient himself by means of therapeutic cloning. What
transplantation type is it?
150. A patient has a skin defect caused by an extensive burn. In order to mask this defect, the
surgeons transplanted a skin flap from other body part of this patient. What type of
transplantation is it?
151. A 30-year-old patient has undergone keratoplasty ( corneal transplantation) in the
transplantation center. Cornea has been taken from a donor, who died in a road accident.
What kind of transplantation was performed?
A. *Allotransplantation
B. Autotransplantation
C. Xenotransplantation
D. Explantation
E. Heterotransplantation

152. A female patient underwent liver transplantation. After 1.5 month her condition became
worse because of reaction of transplant rejection. What factor of immune system plays the
leading part in this reaction?
153. Following exposure to radiation, a lot of mutant cells appeared in a patient. Some time
later most of them were detected and destroyed by the cells of the immune system named: