Commitment 0793 0017 0059 0298 iv web usage and on

Commitment
0.793 0.017* 0.059 0.298
IV. Web Usage And On Line Interaction 0.023* 0.210 0.307 0.035*
V. Course Compliance And Confidence In
The System
0.009** 0.000** 0.000** 0.103
VI. Relevance Of Testing Instruments And
Grading
0.233 0.003** 0.008** 0.102
Source: Primary Data * Significant at 5% level** Highly Significant at 1% level
9.1 Discussion of results
Table 6 gives the analytical results of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests that compared the key
demographic categories and factor dimensions.
9.1.1 Null Hypothesis-1
Ho 1 tested the assumption that there are no significant differences between male and female students (e-
learners) with regard to their opinions on the six factors on quality perceptions. Since it is a two sample non-
parametric test, Mann-Whitney test considered appropriate, was applied. Null Hypothesis, Ho has been
rejected in respect of three out of six factors implying that significant differences have been noticed between
male and female e-learners with regard to the ‘Relevance of Course Contents and Delivery’(Factor I - p-
value 0.043*), ‘Web-Usage and Online Interaction’(Factor IV - p-value 0.023*), and ‘Course Compliance and
Confidence in the System (Factor V p-value 0.009**) related factors.
9.1.2 Null Hypothesis-2
Ho 2 tested the assumption that there are no significant differences between Oman and UAE students with
regard to their opinions on the six factors on quality perceptions. Here again, Mann-Whitney was applied.
Interestingly, Ho has been rejected in respect of four out of six factors. It means that highly significant
differences prevail with regard to Factor I, ‘Relevance of Course Contents and Delivery’(p-value 0.001**),
Factor II, Effectiveness of Delivery Mode’ (p-value 0.000**), Factor III, ‘Instructor Support and Students’
Commitment’ (p-value 0.017* significant), Factor V, ‘Course Compliance and Confidence in the System’ (p-
value 0.000**) and Factor VI, ‘Relevance of Testing Instruments and Grading’ (p-value 0.003**).
9.1.3 Null Hypothesis-3
Ho 3 assumed that there are no significant differences among Matriculate, Graduate and Post-graduate
students with regard to their opinions on the six factors on quality perceptions. Since three variables had to
be compared, Kruskal-Wallis H test was applied. Ho has been rejected in four out of six factors on quality
perceptions. In other words, highly significant differences have been noticed among the opinions of
matriculates, graduates and postgraduates in respect of four factors, and with the result, the Ho has been
rejected in the above four variables. Respondents’ opinions significantly differ in respect of Factor I,
‘Relevance of Course Contents and Delivery’ (p-value 0.005**) and Factor II ‘Effectiveness of Delivery Mode’
(p-value 0.000**), Factor V, ‘Course Compliance and Confidence in the System’ (p-value 0.000**) and Factor
VI ‘Relevance of Testing Instruments and Grading’(0.008**).