Increased epogen increased bone pain sternal

Increased Epogen = - Increased bone pain
- Sternal tenderness
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Causes of Leukocytosis - increased
WBC's
- Infectious organisms
- Exercise
- Emotional changes
- Temp changes
- Anesthesia, surgery
- Pregnancy
- Drugs
- Hormones
- Toxins
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Alterations of Leukocytes - can be
quantitative
Quantitative
1. Bone marrow dysfunction
2.Premature destruction of cells
a. May originate in lymphoid organs secondary to infectious
process
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Leukocytosis is a defense mechanism... - Absolute Leukocyte count that is HIGHER than normal
- Absolute neutrophil count is greater than 7500 - Neutrophils
become so few that they cannot defend your body
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Leukopenia - Never normal or beneficial
- Defined as as an absolute blood cell count less than 4000
cells/mm3
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Pathologic Leukocytosis - From Malignancies

.
- Hematologic disorders such as Myelotic leukemia having an
absolute neutrophil count greater 100,000/microliters which
* Increases the viscosity of the blood and the risk of thrombus
formation
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Neutropenia - Defined as neutrophil count 200/microliter
Low count of Neutrophils which destroy bacteria.
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Causes of Neutropenia - Severe prolonged infection
- Aplastic anemia
- leukemia
- Drug or Toxin induced
- Starvation / anorexia nervosa
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Neutropenia is a classic s/s of what?
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Severe Neutropenia [Granulocytopenia or
Agranulocytosis]
Called [Granulocytopenia or Agranulocytosis] which causes:
- Increased cell destruction in circulation from:
b.Drugs: NSAIDS and anti-thyroid drugs
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Agranulocytosis can be a complication of
what?
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S/S of Severe Neutropenia - Malaise
- Septicemia
- Fever
- Tachycardia
- Ulcerations in the mouth/colon
- Death if untreated
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Eosinophilia - Greater than 450/microliter
- Caused by:
- Allergic disorders
- Atopic dermatitis
- Eczema
- Pemphigus
- Scleroderma
- Parasitic infestation
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1st thing to think about when you have a
pt with watery diarrhea and Eosinophilia?
- Gastroenteritis from a parasitic infection
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Basophilia - Too many Basophils
- Response to inflammation/hypersensitivity
- Contain histamines
- Caused by:
- Myeloproliferative disorders like
- CML
- Meyloid metaplasia = basophilia

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Basopenia
[HASO]
- Too few basophils
- Caused by:
- Hyperthyroidism
- Acute infection
- Long-term steroid therapy
- Ovulation and pregnancy
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Lymphocytes and Infectious
Mononucleosis
[Mono)
- Acute
- Self-limiting
- Neoplastic lymphoproliferative syndrome
- Infection of B lymphocytes
- From the EBV
- Etiology: viral transmission, oral/fecal
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Lymphocytes and Infectious
Mononucleosis
- Incubation period is 30-60 days
- Diagnosed with blood tests
- Monospot may be false positive)
- Heterophilic antibody test is the MOST
ACCURATE way to dx Mononucleosis - HAT test
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Leukemia - Clonal malignant disorder of blood / blood forming organs
- Accumulation of dysfunctional cells
- Loss of cell division regulation causing uncontrolled
proliferation of leukocytes which:
- causes overcrowding of
bone marrow
- and decreased production and function of normal hematopoietic
cell
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