correspondingly forced banana producers to increase the use of chemical pesticides.92
Protectant fungicides such as Mancozeb, chlorothalonil and Propiconazole are applied to
combat the disease.93 These agricultural chemicals are aerially applied by the respondents in
the banana plantations within the jurisdiction of Davao City to arrest the proliferation of the
disease. Considering that banana export plantations exist in vast monocultures, effective
treatment of the Black Sigatoka disease is done by frequent aerial application of fungicides. This
is an expensive practice because it requires permanent landing strips, facilities for the mixing
and loading of fungicides, and high recurring expense of spray materials.94 The cost of aerial
spraying accounts to 15-20% of the final retail price of the crop, making the technology
essentially unavailable to small landholdings that are more vulnerable to the disease.9 5. Aerial
spraying has become an agricultural practice in Davao City since the establishment of the
banana plantations in 1960.96 Out of the 5,205 hectares of commercial plantations devoted to
Cavendish banana being operated by the respondents in Davao City,97 around 1,800 hectares
receive treatment through aerial application. These plantations are situated in Barangays Sirib,
Manuel Guianga, Tamayong, Subasta Dacudao, Lasang, Mandug, Waan, Tigatto and
Callawa,98 and are affected by the ban imposed by Ordinance No. 0309-07. The DTI has
issued a statement to the effect that the ban against aerial spraying in banana plantations "is
expected to kill the banana industry," affects the socio-economic development of the barangays
hosting the affected plantations, and has a disastrous impact on export trading. The DTI has
forecasted that the ban would discourage the entry of 91 Ploetz, Randy, "Black Sigatoka of
Banana: The Most Important Disease of a Most Important Fruit," APS, 2001,
, last accessed
July 14, 2016 at 10:08 a.m. 92 en/ show/Another-major-step-in-
better-disease-management-in-theglobal-banana-sector.htm, last accessed July 14, 2016 at
10:11 a.m. 93 Banana: Diseases, , last accessed July
14, 2016 at 10:15 a.m. 94 Ploetz, Randy, Black Sigatoka in Pesticide Outlook, Vol. 11, Issue
2000, , last accessed July 14, 2016 at
10:21 a.m. 95 Ploetz, Randy, "Black Sigatoka of Banana: The Most Important Disease of a Most
