disease or hematuria can be present with another condition in the genitourinary tract.  Hematuria may be further described as  Gross hematuria  Microscopic hematuria  Recurrent, persistent or idiopathic  Renal failure and renal insufficiency represent a range of disease processes that occur when the kidneys have problems eliminating metabolic products from the blood  These conditions may be caused by various underlying conditions such as hypertension and diabetes  Acute and chronic forms of kidney disease are classified with different codes in ICD-10-CM

Coding Diseases of the Genitourinary System  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the proper term for other conditions such as chronic renal failure or chronic renal insufficiency  CKD has five stages of disease based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)  Patients are considered as having end-stage renal disease when the patient requires dialysis or a kidney transplant  Acute kidney failure or acute renal failure usually occurs suddenly as the result of physical trauma, infection, inflammation or toxicity  Symptoms include oliguria or anuria with hyperkalemia and pulmonary edema  The types of acute kidney failure may be described according to the underlying cause, such as:  Prerenal  Intrarenal  Postrenal

Coding Diseases of the Genitourinary System  Cystitis is a bacterial infection of the urinary bladder.  In females, most cases are due to vaginal infection that extends through the urethra to the bladder  In males, cystitis is due to urethral or prostatic infections or catheterizations  ICD-10-CM classifies cystitis according to the type, severity and location.  The codes also identify whether or not hematuria is present with cystitis  An additional code is used to identify the infectious agent when applicable.

Coding Diseases of the Genitourinary System  The diagnosis of an enlarged prostate may also be stated as benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)  The prostate gland, which encircles the urethra at the base of the bladder, becomes enlarged and presses on the urethra, obstructing the flow of urine from the bladder  This is known as benign bladder neck obstruction (BNO)  Symptoms of an enlarged prostate may be referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms or LUTS  ICD-10-CM classifies enlarged or nodular prostate with and without lower urinary tract symptoms

Coding Diseases of the Genitourinary System  Disorders of the breast include gynecomastia, fibrocystic disease, inflammatory disease and solitary cyst of the breast  Certain signs and symptoms of breast disease are included in this chapter, such as mastodynia, induration of breast and nipple discharge  Specific codes describe conditions of the breast related to staged breast reconstruction following full or partial mastectomy  Inflammatory disease of female pelvic organs  A note at the beginning of several category codes state “use additional code to identify infectious agent”