N 0110 345 0001 00470172 ksa 0019 0177 n 0167 533

N (0.110, 3.45, 0.001, 0.047–0.172)
KSA 0.019 0.177 N (0.167, 5.33, < 0.0001, 0.105–0.228), E (0.149, 3.27, 0.001,
0.059–0.238), A ( - 0.225, - 4.50, < 0.0001, - 0.323 to - 0.126)
Palestine 0.051 0.150 N (0.171, 6.12, < 0.0001, 0.116–0.226)
UK 0.043 0.146 N (0.184, 6.19, < 0.0001, 0.126–0.243), C (0.094, 2.92, 0.004,
0.031–0.158)
Afraid food and necessary things will
not be available: Total
0.030 0.107 N (0.134, 8.83, < 0.0001, 0.104–0.163), E (0.092, 4.30, < 0.0001,
0.050–0.134), A ( - 0.087, - 3.63, < 0.0001, - 0.134 to - 0.040)
Jordan 0.051 0.102 N (0.125, 4.33, < 0.0001, 0.068–0.181)
(Continued)
Frontiers in Psychiatry | 16 February 2021 | Volume 12 | Article 608730

AL-Omiri et al. Personality and COVID-19 Related Impacts
TABLE 8 | Continued
COVID-19-related impacts 1st R 2 F R 2 Predictors ( B , t , P , 95% CI of B ) $
KSA 0.032 0.135 N (0.101, 3.19, 0.002, 0.039–0.163), E (0.163, 3.45, 0.001,
0.070–0.256), A ( - 0.146, - 2.88, 0.004, - 0.245 to - 0.046), C
( - 0.097, - 2.71, 0.007, - 0.167 to - 0.026)
Palestine 0.025 0.160 N (0.201, 7.14, < 0.0001, 0.145–0.256), E (0.095, 2.30, 0.022,
0.014–0.177)
UK 0.076 0.156 N (0.102, 3.69, < 0.0001, 0.048–0.157), E (0.111, 2.73, 0.007,
0.031–0.191), A ( - 0.122, - 2.86, 0.005, - 0.205 to - 0.038)
Worried about contamination of food
or water source with COVID-19 virus:
Total
0.025 0.084 N (0.112, 7.64, < 0.0001, 0.083–0.140), E (0.108, 5.24, < 0.0001,
0.068–0.149), A ( - 0.060, - 2.58, 0.010, - 0.105 to - 0.014)
Jordan 0.039 0.070 N (0.091, 3.33, 0.001, 0.037–0.145)
KSA 0.009 0.104 N (0.141, 4.73, < 0.0001, 0.084–0.198), E (0.204, 4.73, < 0.0001,
0.119–0.288)
Palestine 0.006 0.074 N (0.125, 4.57, < 0.0001, 0.071–0.179), C (0.089, 2.86, 0.005,
0.028–0.150)
UK 0.081 0.159 N (0.112, 3.83, < 0.0001, 0.054–0.169), E (0.151, 3.53, < 0.0001,
0.067–0.235), A ( - 0.102, - 2.28, 0.023, - 0.189 to - 0.014)
Afraid of economic effects on me and
my family: Total
0.008 0.067 N (0.122, 9.13, < 0.0001, 0.096–0.148), E (0.044, 2.31, 0.021,
0.007–0.082)
Jordan 0.004 0.063 N (0.093, 3.76, < 0.0001, 0.044–0.142), O (0.100, 2.69, 0.007,
0.027–0.173)
KSA 0.016 0.127 N (0.177, 6.07, < 0.0001, 0.120–0.234), E (0.174, 4.03, < 0.0001,
0.089–0.259)
Palestine 0.036 0.175 N (0.152, 5.82, < 0.0001, 0.101–0.204), A ( - 0.116, - 2.72, 0.007,
- 0.200 to - 0.032), C (0.073, 2.57, 0.011, 0.017–0.130)
UK 0.011 0.040 N (0.072, 3.13, 0.002, 0.027–0.117)
Afraid of punishment if one violates or
does not comply with authority
measures: Total
0.034 0.085 N (0.115, 7.79, < 0.0001, 0.086–0.144), E (0.113, 5.28, < 0.0001,
0.071–0.155), O ( - 0.053, - 2.63, 0.009, - 0.093 to - 0.014)
Jordan 0.027 0.055 N (0.093, 3.12, 0.002, 0.034–0.151)
KSA 0.019 0.092 N (0.124, 4.27, < 0.0001, 0.067–0.182), E (0.159, 3.65, < 0.0001,
0.074–0.245), O ( - 0.094, - 2.13, 0.034, - 0.180 to - 0.007)
Palestine 0.054 0.082 N (0.076, 2.67, 0.008, 0.020–0.132), E (0.088, 2.11, 0.035,
0.006–0.170)
UK 0.016 0.086 N (0.135, 4.53, < 0.0001, 0.076–0.194), E (0.139, 3.16, 0.002,
0.052–0.226)
Worried about safety of myself and
my family: Total
0.019 0.081 N (0.114, 7.97, < 0.0001, 0.086–0.142), E (0.063, 3.11, 0.002,
0.023–0.102), A ( - 0.067, - 2.97, 0.003, - 0.112 to - 0.023)
Jordan 0.032 0.079 N (0.111, 4.13, < 0.0001, 0.058–0.165)
KSA 0.009 0.123 N (0.135, 4.51, < 0.0001, 0.076–0.194), E (0.110, 2.54, 0.012,
0.025–0.196), A ( - 0.170, - 3.57, < 0.0001, - 0.264 to - 0.076)
Palestine 0.043 0.140 N (0.162, 6.01, < 0.0001, 0.109–0.215), C (0.066, 2.15, 0.032,
0.006–0.126)
UK 0.015 0.057 N (0.091, 3.52, < 0.0001, 0.040–0.141), E (0.090, 2.38, 0.018,
0.016–0.165)
4. Effects on opinions and beliefs
Afraid health authorities are not
transparent regarding COVID-19:
Total
0.035 0.088 N (0.097, 6.41, < 0.0001, 0.067–0.126), A ( - 0.095, - 3.89, < 0.0001,
- 0.144 to - 0.047)
Jordan 0.024 0.085 N (0.141, 4.73, < 0.0001, 0.083–0.200)
KSA 0.028 0.105 N (0.062, 2.06, 0.040, 0.003–0.122), A ( - 0.153, - 3.04, 0.003,
- 0.252 to - 0.054), C ( - 0.075, - 2.19, 0.029, - 0.143 to - 0.008)
Palestine 0.048 0.128 N (0.111, 3.68, < 0.0001, 0.051–0.170), A ( - 0.141, - 2.78, 0.006,
- 0.241 to - 0.041)
UK 0.014 0.054 N (0.097, 3.64, < 0.0001, 0.044–0.149)
(Continued)
Frontiers in Psychiatry | 17 February 2021 | Volume 12 | Article 608730

AL-Omiri et al. Personality and COVID-19 Related Impacts
TABLE 8 | Continued
COVID-19-related impacts 1st R 2 F R 2 Predictors ( B , t , P , 95% CI of B ) $
Home self-isolation is acceptable:
Total
0.023 0.038 A (0.047, 3.15, 0.002, 0.018–0.076), C (0.027, 2.64, 0.008,
0.007–0.047)
Jordan 0.023 0.039 A (0.081, 2.38, 0.018, 0.014–0.148)
KSA 0.033 0.056 C (0.043, 2.79, 0.006, 0.013–0.074)
Palestine 0.016 0.048 A (0.099, 3.33, 0.001, 0.040–0.157)
UK 0.030 0.048 No personality predictors
Imposing curfews is acceptable: Total 0.023 0.038 A (0.044, 2.75, 0.006, 0.013–0.075), C (0.033, 3.07, 0.002,
0.012–0.055)
Jordan 0.023 0.035 No personality predictors
KSA 0.013 0.055 C (0.074, 3.82, < 0.0001, 0.036–0.112)
Palestine 0.015 0.038 A (0.095, 2.78, 0.006, 0.028–0.162)
UK 0.023 0.035 E (0.061, 2.00, 0.046, 0.001–0.120)
People communication will change
after COVID-19: Total
0.034 0.054 N (0.054, 3.75, < 0.0001, 0.026–0.082), A ( - 0.057, - 2.45, 0.014,
- 0.103 to - 0.011)
Jordan 0.012 0.025 N (0.059, 2.06, 0.040, 0.003–0.114)
KSA 0.047 0.118 N (0.080, 2.70, 0.007, 0.022–0.138), E (0.136, 3.16, 0.002,
0.051–0.221), A ( - 0.149, - 3.15, 0.002, - 0.242 to - 0.056)
Palestine 0.013 0.078 N (0.074, 2.62, 0.009, 0.019–0.130), A ( - 0.148, - 3.09, 0.002,
- 0.243 to - 0.054)
UK 0.062 0.070 No personality predictors
N, neuroticism; E, extraversion; O, openness; A, agreeableness; C, conscientiousness; 1st R 2 , 1st block R 2 (coefficient of determination) using confounding variables (covariates) gender,
age, education, and ethnicity in the first block of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis; F R
2
, final R
2
(coefficient of determination) after the addition of personality factors in the