Dif cognitive level understand ref p 45 top

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: p. 45
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
17.
A visitor arrives at a daycare center during lunchtime. The preschool children think that every
time they have lunch a visitor will arrive. Which preoperational characteristic is being
displayed?
a.
Egocentrism
b. Transductive reasoning
c. Intuitive reasoning
d. Conservation

ANS: B
Transductive reasoning is when two events occur together, they cause each other. The
expectation that every time lunch is served a visitor will arrive is descriptive of transductive
reasoning. Egocentrism is the inability to see things from any perspective than their own.
Intuitive reasoning (e.g., the stars have to go to bed just as they do) is predominantly
egocentric thought. Conservation (able to realize that physical factors such as volume, weight,
and number remain the same even though outward appearances are changed) does not occur
until school age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze REF: p. 44
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
18.
Which behavior is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive
development?
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: p. 45
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
19.
According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. Which statement is
most characteristic of a preschooler’s stage of moral development?