Non hodgkins lymphoma a more prevalent in young

14. NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
A. More prevalent in young children
B. Diffuse presentation
C. Aggressive radiation & chemo
D. Good prognosis
i. Depends on subtype; Can be as high at 88%
15. BRAIN TUMORS

i. Cerebellar Astrocytoma
ii. Medulloblastoma
iii. Brain stem glioma
iv. Ependymoma
v. Astrocytoma
vi. Craniopharyngioma
i. Biopsy
ii. CT, MRI
i. Surgery
ii. Radiation (what age do you want to avoid? Before 2 -3 years)
iii. Chemotherapy
i.
16. NEUROBLASTOMA
i. Stage 1: no tx; usually self-limiting
ii. Stage 4: most intense tx: chemo  surgery  chem  radiation 
immunotherapy (best therapy for cure)
i. Surgery, radiation, chemo, BMT, immunotherapy
ii. Variable prognosis depending on stage
17. SOLID TUMORS
A. Bone (most often in adolescents)
i. Osteosarcoma
1. 78% survival

2. Chemotherapy and surgery
3. Possible amputation; peaks in adolescence
4. Bone tumor pain often assumed to be growing pains or injury often
in femur
ii. Ewing Sarcoma
1. Radiation & chemo, not amputation
B. Soft tissue
i. Rhabdomyosarcoma
1. Surgery, radiation, chemo
2. Skeletal muscle and connective tissue
3. Commonly in head, neck around eye
4. May have pain, palpable mass
18. TX BONE TUMORS
i. Resection
ii. Amputation
iii. Rotationoplasty  detach the leg cut the portion of the tumor off then
rotate the detached limb and reattach the limb for the heel to be as knee
iv. May have phantom pain
19. WILM’S TUMOR
A. Tumor of the kidney!
B. Young children
C. Feel abdominal mass

D. Surgery
E. Excellent survival!
F. Tx: removal of the kidney and tumor
i. Do not palpate (avoid combustion)!
ii. Watch for HTN
20. EYE TUMORS
A. Retinoblastoma
i. White glow (missing red reflex)
1. May also see strabismus, redness, swelling
ii. Surgery; Radiation; Chemo
1. Enucleation is a possibility
iii. Genetic component
B.