energy, emission, hazardous, chemical and solid waste
(Olugu, Wong & Shaharoun 2010)
. Today, in order to
have a competitive product in the marketplace, it is fundamental to have a competitive supply chain integrated
with lean, agile, resilient and green (LARG) philosophies
(Cabral,Grilo, and Cruz-Machado 2012).
Across regions, the progress on GSCM practices varies considerably (Friedman 2008; Jabbour et al.
2013).Government regulations in Europe over the last half decade
–
including REACH (dealing with the
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances), RoHS (dealing with
Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive) and the emission trading scheme
–
are driving strategic
attention to sustainability (Liu et al.2011, 2012)
Many researchers
( Zhu, Sarkis,and Geng 2005; Linton, Klassen, and Jayaraman 2007
) consider the
discussion and investigation of GSCM in the literature to be in the developmental stage where hardly adequate
theoretical base to study the linkages of GSCM have been explored.
Indeed, much of the research in the area of GSCM is more prescriptive, rather than explanatory or predictive in
nature. Various academics have suggested various perspective about GSCM.
Works such as Srivastava (2007) discussed reverse logistics, whereas Birou, Fawcett, and Magnon (1998), and
Stonebraker and Liao (2006) discussed lifecycle analysis. But the key themes that came out of the GSCM
literature over the last 20 years are the concepts of green design, green operations, reverse logistics, waste
management and green manufacturing (Srivastava 2007).GSCM is grounded on the framework of traditional
supply chain management (SCM).
TABLE I: Concepts and models related to environmental issues have been suggested by different
