agenda setting
process by which the media determines what issues people think about and are concerned about
bully pulpit
president's unique ability to command the attention of the public and shape public opinion
demographics
proportions of various groupings in a population based on gender, race, ethnicity, age, education, and income
focus group
small group of people who represent a chosen subset of the population who discuss their beliefs and preferences in a moderated setting
issue poll
opinion poll designed to measure the public's feelings on specific issues
job-approval rating
measure of how well the public thinks a politician is performing
margin of error
statistical measurement of the potential inaccuracy of a poll's findings
political socialization
process by which an individual's political views, beliefs, and attitudes are influenced by different factors throughout life
public opinion
collective expression of the views, beliefs, and attitudes of a group of people on a particular issue or set of issues
public opinion poll
instrument that questions selected respondents to assess their views about candidates, a public official's job performance, or issues
push poll
opinion poll that includes questions or statements aimed at pushing respondents away from the candidate or issue that the group paying for the poll opposes
rally effect
phenomenon in which approval of the job a president is doing tends to increase at times of war or international crisis, as the public rallies around the flag in the person of the president
random sample
group of people selected from a statistical population in which all selected have an equal probability of being chosen
representative sample
randomly chosen group of people, all with an equal probability of being chosen, who reflect the demographics of the population
town hall
meeting at which members of the public can ask questions to or share opinions with a politician about certain issues
tracking poll
opinion poll that surveys respondents on their beliefs and preferences over a period of time