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Vocabulary

agranulocyte

leukocyte that does not have cytoplasmic granules and does not absorb any stain

albumin

main protein in plasma that helps to regulate the osmotic pressure of blood

antibody

blood protein used by the immune system in response to a certain antigen

antigen

foreign substance that triggers an immune response

basophil

type of white blood cell that causes inflammatory reactions such as in allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, and asthma

eosinophil

type of white blood cell that helps fight diseases and parasitic infections

erythrocyte

blood cell that transports oxygen from the lungs to the body for use in cellular respiration

fibrin

collagen fiber used in blood clotting

fibrinogen

plasma protein that is produced in the liver and occurs in blood plasma, where it aids in the formation of blood clots

formed element

solid portion of the blood. Types include erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (blood platelets).

globulin

protein in plasma primarily responsible for transport; broken up into three different types—alpha, beta, and gamma globulins

granulocyte

leukocyte that is granular in appearance when stained

hematocrit

percentage that red blood cells make up of the total blood volume

hematopoiesis

process by which new blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow

hemoglobin

protein in erythrocytes that contains iron, which facilitates the transport of oxygen by binding to it

hemolysis

rupture of erythrocytes (red blood cells) causing the cytoplasm to expel into the surrounding fluid

hemostasis

process that causes blood to clot as a means to prevent blood loss

leukocyte

formed element that aids the immune process and protects the body from infections and foreign invasion

lymphocyte

white blood cell that functions as part of the immune system and can be either a T or B cell

monocyte

type of white blood cell that can change as needed into a macrophage and is targeted to destroy specific foreign substances such as bacteria and viruses

neutrophil

white blood cell that can travel anywhere in the body and is the first to arrive at the site of inflammation or injury

plasma

liquid part of the blood; yellow in color and contains water, proteins, glucose, and electrolytes

Rh factor

one of a group of antigens typically found on red blood cells that yields an Rh-positive blood type

serum

yellow liquid part of the blood; plasma without the proteins that function in blood clotting

thrombocyte

formed element responsible for blood clotting, which protects the body from excess bleeding when injured