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Heart and Blood Flow

Vocabulary

aorta

largest artery in the body carrying oxygen-rich blood away from the the heart

artery

blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart

atrium

upper heart chamber

capillary

smallest type of blood vessel and the site of gas and nutrient exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid

cardiac output

volume of blood ejected from each ventricle per minute

contractility

strength of a muscle contraction when correcting for the muscle length

diastole

phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and the heart fills with blood

electrocardiogram

diagnostic tool used to measure electrical activity in the heart

inferior vena cava

vein that carries oxygen-poor blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart

myocardial cell

contractile cell found in heart muscle tissue

pacemaker

cluster of noncontractile cells in the right atrium of the heart that regulates the depolarization of the heart muscle

pulmonary circulation

blood flow from the right side of the heart, through the lungs, and back to the left side of the heart

pulmonary trunk

artery that delivers oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and branches to the left and right pulmonary arteries

pulmonary vein

vein that delivers oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

superior vena cava

vein that delivers oxygen-poor blood from the upper body to the right atrium of the heart

systemic circulation

blood flow from the left side of the heart, through the body, and back to the right side of the heart

systole

phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle contracts and blood is ejected from the ventricles

vein

blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart

ventricle

lower heart chamber