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Types of Torts

Vocabulary

absolute privilege

complete defense that, if applicable, ensures the individual is immune from liability for defamation

civil conspiracy

tort in which two or more people agree to work together, with injury caused to another because of the act; distinct from criminal conspiracy

comparative negligence

method of allocating damages when both parties share in the fault or negligence

contributory negligence

rule that says that if a party bringing a lawsuit even slightly contributed to the negligence that created the harm, then that party will get no compensation

defamation

intentional publication to a third party of a false statement that harms the plaintiff's reputation

fraud

when a person deliberately deceives another person to obtain money or property and that other person is injured by the deception

injurious falsehood

false statements that disparage the plaintiff's business interests and cause the plaintiff economic loss

libel

written lie; a type of defamation

negligence

civil wrong in which the defendant owed a duty, breached that duty, and caused the plaintiff harm

privilege

something that protects someone from legal responsibility for a harmful act; can be absolute or qualified

qualified privilege

type of protection from legal responsibility for a harmful act

reasonable person standard

how a typically sensible individual would act in similar circumstances

slander

spoken lie; a type of defamation

tort

violation of rights of an identifiable individual or business that has been wronged intentionally or by negligence. Common torts include defamation, nuisance, conversion, and negligence.

unfair competition

conduct by a business that is using a market advantage to cause injury or damages to either its consumers or competitors

wrongful interference with a business relationship

knowingly and unjustly intervening in a known contractual arrangement without being invited to, causing one party to breach or terminate its agreement and incur damages