Organic Chemistry

hydrocarbon containing a hydroxyl functional group

organic compound that contains a carbonyl group (${\rm{C}{=}{O}}$) bound to one alkyl (${-\rm{R}}$) fragment and one hydrogen atom, with ${\rm{RC({=}O)H}}$ or ${\rm{R}{-}{CHO}}$ stoichiometry

cyclic hydrocarbon that contains nonaromatic rings

hydrocarbon that contains only straight or branched carbon-carbon chains

hydrocarbon containing only ${\rm{C}{-}{C}}$ single bonds and hydrogen atoms with C_nH_2n+2 stoichiometry

hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond (${\rm{C}{=}{C}}$) with C_nH_2n stoichiometry

hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (${\rm{C}{\equiv}{C}}$) with C_nH_2n-2 stoichiometry

organic compound with a general ${\rm{RC({=}O)NRR^\prime}}$ stoichiometry that contains a carbonyl (${\rm{C}{=}{O}}$) linked to a nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atom can have between zero and two additional carbon-nitrogen (${\rm{C}{-}{N}}$) bonds.

organic compound that is a derivative of ammonia (NH₃), in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl units (R), forming ${\rm{N}{-}{R}}$ single bonds

planar hydrocarbon of C_nH_n stoichiometry that consists of alternating ${\rm{C}{-}{C}}$ and ${\rm{C}{=}{C}}$ bonds. Benzene (C₆H₆) is the smallest neutral carbon-only aromatic compound.

functional group containing a ${\rm{C}{=}{O}}$ double bond

functional group containing a ${\rm{C}{=}{O}}$ unit linked to an ${{-}\rm{OH}}$ (hydroxyl) fragment of ${\rm{R{-}C({=}O)OH}}$ or $\rm{R{-}COOH}$ stoichiometry

compound that contains an alkyl or aryl group (R) attached to a carboxyl group (${{-}\rm{COOH}}$)

molecule that does not have a plane of symmetry and its isomers cannot be rotated or reflected to match

stereoisomer that has a mirror image that is not superimposable on itself

organic compound that contains a carboxyl unit in which a hydroxyl group is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, giving it ${\rm{R{-}C({=}O)OR^\prime}}$ or ${\rm{R{-}COOR^\prime}}$ stoichiometry

organic molecule containing an oxygen atom bound by two alkyl or aryl groups through ${\rm{C}{-}{O}}$ bonds

group of atoms with specific physical, chemical, and reactivity properties

one of two or more molecules that have different spatial arrangements of functional groups around a double bond, ring, or other rigid structures

organic compound that contains only carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds

addition of a hydroxyl group (${{-}\rm{OH}}$) to a molecule, which can be accomplished by a substitution reaction with an alkyl halide

functional group with the formula ${{-}\rm{OH}}$ that forms ${\rm{C}{-}{OH}}$ fragments and characterizes molecules called alcohols and phenols

one of two or more molecules that have the same chemical formula but different molecular structures

compound that contains one or more carbon-hydrogen bonds

benzene ring in which a ${\rm{C}{-}{H}}$ bond is substituted for a hydroxyl group, producing a ${\rm{C}{-}{OH}}$ unit

organic compound that contains only carbon-carbon single bonds and ${\rm{C}{-}{H}}$ bonds

carbon atom with four unique substituents

atom or group of atoms (functional group) that replaces a ${\rm{C}{-}{H}}$ bond in an organic compound

organic compound that is derived from H₂S. It contains an alkyl or aryl group covalently linked to a sulfhydryl group, ${{-}\rm{SH}}$ , through ${\rm{C}{-}{S}}$ bonds, with ${\rm{R}{-}{SH}}$ stoichiometry.

organic compound that contains ${\rm{C}{-}{H}}$ bonds in addition to one or more carbon-carbon ${\rm{C}{=}{C}}$ or ${\rm{C}{\equiv}{C}}$ bonds