# Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions

## Vocabulary

### actual yield

amount of product from a reaction determined experimentally

### empirical formula

formula indicating the ratios of elements found in a compound in the lowest whole number possible

### excess reactant

reactant that is not completely used up in a reaction

### limiting reactant

reactant that is completely used up in a reaction, which determines the amount of product that can form

### molar mass

mass of one mole of the atoms, molecules, or formula units that make up a substance

### mole

amount of a substance that contains as many particles as 12 grams of pure carbon-12, equal to $6.023\times10^{23}$ (Avogadro's number) particles

### mole ratio

ratio between the number of moles of any two substances in a chemical reaction.

### molecular formula

formula indicating the number of atoms of each type of element in a molecule

### percent yield

actual yield divided by theoretical yield, multiplied by 100 percent

### standard molar volume

volume occupied by one mole of an ideal gas at STP (standard temperature and pressure), equal to 22.4 L

### theoretical yield

amount of product predicted from a reaction using mole ratios from the balanced equation