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Vocabulary

anorexia nervosa

eating disorder in which a person refuses to eat and does not maintain a normal body weight for their height and frame

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

personality disorder in which a person has no empathy and feels comfortable violating social norms

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

brain disorder characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattentive, hyperactive, or impulsive behavior

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

neurological and developmental disorder that begins in early childhood and continues throughout a person's lifespan. Autism affects behavior, communication, and learning.

bipolar disorders

category of mood disorders typically involving alternating periods of depression and periods of mania

borderline personality disorder

disorder characterized by unstable personal relationships, unstable sense of self, and impulsive, angry, and sometimes violent behavior

bulimia nervosa

eating disorder characterized by frequent binge eating followed by purging

diagnosis

process of observing symptoms in a patient and matching them to a particular illness

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

manual commonly used in the United States to classify psychological disorders

diathesis-stress theory

theory that stressful environmental factors can increase the risk of developing schizophrenia in people who are genetically predisposed

dissociative amnesia

disorder in which a person blocks and does not remember information related to a stressful or traumatic event

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

disorder in which a person displays two or more distinct identities or personalities

generalized anxiety disorder

disorder involving chronic worry or a recurring feeling that something bad is about to happen

insanity

legal term meaning a defendant could not differentiate between right and wrong at the time of the crime due to a mental disease or defect

major depressive disorder

disorder characterized by sadness, irritability, or the absence of pleasure

narcissistic personality disorder

disorder characterized by feelings of extreme self-importance and lack of empathy

obsessive-compulsive disorder

persistent, uncontrollable thoughts or impulses (obsessions) managed by performing physical or mental rituals (compulsions)

panic disorder

disorder involving repeated, unexpected episodes of intense fear

persistent depressive disorder

chronic mild depression that lasts at least two years

personality disorder

disorder characterized by stable patterns of thoughts, feelings, attitudes, or behaviors that cause significant distress or interfere with relationships or work

phobia

anxiety disorder in which a person has an irrational and excessive fear of an object or situation

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

emotional distress, disturbing thoughts, and behavior change that last more than a month after witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event

prevalence

rate of an illness in a population

psychological disorder

prolonged or recurring mental problem that causes distress or impairment

schizophrenia

psychotic disorder characterized by delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (distorted perceptions), and disorganized behavior