anorexia nervosa
eating disorder in which a person refuses to eat and does not maintain a normal body weight for their height and frame
antisocial personality disorder (APD)
personality disorder in which a person has no empathy and feels comfortable violating social norms
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
brain disorder characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattentive, hyperactive, or impulsive behavior
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
neurological and developmental disorder that begins in early childhood and continues throughout a person's lifespan. Autism affects behavior, communication, and learning.
bipolar disorders
category of mood disorders typically involving alternating periods of depression and periods of mania
borderline personality disorder
disorder characterized by unstable personal relationships, unstable sense of self, and impulsive, angry, and sometimes violent behavior
bulimia nervosa
eating disorder characterized by frequent binge eating followed by purging
diagnosis
process of observing symptoms in a patient and matching them to a particular illness
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
manual commonly used in the United States to classify psychological disorders
diathesis-stress theory
theory that stressful environmental factors can increase the risk of developing schizophrenia in people who are genetically predisposed
dissociative amnesia
disorder in which a person blocks and does not remember information related to a stressful or traumatic event
dissociative identity disorder (DID)
disorder in which a person displays two or more distinct identities or personalities
generalized anxiety disorder
disorder involving chronic worry or a recurring feeling that something bad is about to happen
insanity
legal term meaning a defendant could not differentiate between right and wrong at the time of the crime due to a mental disease or defect
major depressive disorder
disorder characterized by sadness, irritability, or the absence of pleasure
narcissistic personality disorder
disorder characterized by feelings of extreme self-importance and lack of empathy
obsessive-compulsive disorder
persistent, uncontrollable thoughts or impulses (obsessions) managed by performing physical or mental rituals (compulsions)
panic disorder
disorder involving repeated, unexpected episodes of intense fear
persistent depressive disorder
chronic mild depression that lasts at least two years
personality disorder
disorder characterized by stable patterns of thoughts, feelings, attitudes, or behaviors that cause significant distress or interfere with relationships or work
phobia
anxiety disorder in which a person has an irrational and excessive fear of an object or situation
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
emotional distress, disturbing thoughts, and behavior change that last more than a month after witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event
prevalence
rate of an illness in a population
psychological disorder
prolonged or recurring mental problem that causes distress or impairment
schizophrenia
psychotic disorder characterized by delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (distorted perceptions), and disorganized behavior