average product
output per unit of total input of a specific factor of production
division of labor
assignment of different parts of a manufacturing process or task to different people in order to improve efficiency that leads to specialization
factor of production
input used during the making of goods and services; e.g., capital, entrepreneurship, land, and labor
law of diminishing marginal returns
the observation in the short run that each additional unit of a production input, holding all other inputs fixed, will yield progressively smaller increases in output
long run
the period in which all productive inputs are variable
marginal product (MP)
the extra output generated by adding one more unit of input
short run
the period during which at least one input to production input is fixed and cannot be changed
specialization of labor
concentrating on a single task to develop particular skills relevant to that task
total product
the overall quantity of output created by a firm for a given combinations of inputs